The Feudal and Manorial System Chapter 13 Section 3 The Feudal and Manorial System

Key Terms Knights Fief Vassal Feudal system fealty Manorial system Serfs

Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South Invasions caused suffering and disorder No longer looked to central authority People turned to local rulers

New Social Order 911 Rollo and Charles the Simple faced each other Charles gave Rollo a large piece of French territory Became Normandy Rollo pledged no to attack the king

Feudalism Structure Society 850-900 worse years for invasions Feudalism- governing and landholding Zhou Dynasty in China had feudalism Was in Japan from 1192 to 19 century

Feudalism Structures Society Based on right and obligations Lord- landowner Fief a grant of land Vassal- the person receiving the fief Two sided bargain Worked on who controlled the land

Knights and Lords Knights- highly trained fighters Defend the nobles land Fief-land given to a knight for his service Vassal-anyone who excepted a fief Lord- the person who gave the land Feudal system-exchanging the land for service

The Feudal Pyramid King at the top Powerful vassals Wealthy landowners and bishops Knights- mounted horsemen who pledged to defend the lord in exchange for a fief Landless peasants- who worked the fields

Social Classes are well Defined Status determined prestige Manor system- set of rights and obligations Three groups Those who fought- nights and nobles Those who prayed-men and woman of the church Those who worked -peasants

Social Classes Well Defined Europe Middle Ages Majority were peasants Serfs- Could not leave the place they were born Bound to the land Not slaves Could not be bought or sold Labor belonged to lord

Social Classes Defined Fealty- a knights promise to remain loyal to his lord Manorial system-built around large estates called manor Economic system Each group followed rules

Manors the Economic Side of Feudalism Manor- the lord’s estate Manor system- basic economic arrangement Rights and obligation between lords and serfs Lord provided housing, farmland and protection Serf maintained the estate

A Self Contained World Peasants rarely traveled more than 25 miles Center of plowed field could see their world 15-30 families Manor house, church, workshops Streams provide fish Mills for grain

A Self-Contained World Manor largely self sufficient Serf’s raised and produced everything Outside purchase was iron, salt and millstones Crops were wheat, barley, oats and vegetables

A Self-Contained World Free people also rented land from a lord 3 field rotation Leave one field empty for a year Helped to improve the soil Better than two field system Able to plant on 2/3’s of the land instead of 1/2

The Harshness of Manor Life Peasant paid a high price Paid a tax on all their grain ground at lord’s mill Baking bread elsewhere was a crime Tax on marriage Weddings needed lord’s consent

The Harshness of Manor Life Owed village priest a tithe- church tax One tenth of income Serfs lived in crowded cottages One or two rooms One for cooking one for sleeping Warmed house by bringing pigs inside

The Harshness of Manor Life Family lay down on a straw pile full of insects Peasant diet Vegetables Coarse brown bread Grain, cheese, and soup Most serfs life was hard

The Harshness of Manor Life Typical day Raise livestock Taking care of your home Children worked in the field Most did not survive to adulthood Illness and malnutrition Life expectancy 35 years