ADVERBIAL CLAUSES Syntax of the English Language 2015/2

ADVERBIAL CLAUSES  An adverbial clause is used as a single- word adverb or an adverbial expression.  Single-word adverbs and adverbials modify a verb by answering questions such as “when?”, “where?”, “how?”, and so on about the verb.  e.g. He bought a new car. recently/last week.ly” is a single-word adverb of time and “last week” is an adverbial of time. Both answer the question “when?” about the verb.

TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES I.Time – it is a subordinate clause that says when something happens. Adverbial clauses of time are introduced by conjunctions such as: a. after – After it had stopped snowing, I went outside. b. as – As I was walking to the store, it began to snow again. c. as long as – I will never like snow as long as I live. d. as soon as – As soon as I returned home, I made a fire. e. Since – She has been a good skier since she was a child. f. until – I had never seen snow until my family move from Florida to Boston. g. once – Once he was in the kitchen with my mother, I could relax a little.

TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES II.Place – it is a subordinate clause that says where something happens. Adverbial clauses of place are introduced by conjunctions such as: a. where – I prefer to live where the sun shines all year. b. wherever – Wherever it’s sunny and warm, I am happy

TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES III.Reason – it tells you why something happens or why it should happen. Adverbial clauses of reason are introduced by conjunctions such as: a. because – My brothers are studying in California because they don’t like snow either. b. since – Since it is so beautiful there, my parents are going to move.

TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES IV. Purpose – it also tells you why something is happening, but states the aim or purpose of it rather than the reason for it or cause of it. Adverbial clauses of purpose are introduced by conjunctions such as: a. so that – I’m planning to live with my brothers so that I can be near the beach. b. in order that – I want to be near the beach in order that I might learn how to water ski.

TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES V. Manner – it is a subordinate clause that says how something happens. Adverbial clauses of manner are introduced by conjunctions such as: a. as - In California, we can enjoy the beach as we used to in Florida. b. as if – My brothers swim as if they were fish. c. as though – In California, I will feel as though I were alive again.

TYPES OF ADVERBIAL CLAUSES VI.Result – it tells you what results from something happening. Adverbial clauses of result are introduced by conjunctions such as: a. so…that – California is so beautiful that I can’t imagine staying in Boston. b. such….that – It is such a beautiful state that I can’t imagine staying in Boston.