I NTRODUCTION TO S CIENCE : T HE S CIENTIFIC M ETHOD

W HAT IS S CIENCE ? The knowledge obtained by ___________natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be ______________or tested.

W HAT IS P HYSICAL S CIENCE ? The scientific study of _____________ matter. Chemistry The study of all forms of matter, including how matter _______________ with other matter. Physics The study of ____________ and how it affects matter.

W HAT IS THE S CIENTIFIC M ETHOD ? Step-by-step way in which scientists answer questions. 1. Ask a ____________ 2.____________the topic. 3. Form a ________________ 4. __________ the Hypothesis. 5. Gather ______________. 6. ______________Results. 7. Draw _________________. 8. ________________________ Results.

S TATE THE P ROBLEM /Q UESTIONS Develop a clear _______________defining the problem Make sure your problem is narrowed/________________enough

R ESEARCH Write down all ___________________ you already know Do research in books on the topic you are _____________ Ask experts on the subject you are researching If you find an answer to your problem/question you do_______need to move on

W HAT IS A HYPOTHESIS ? An ______________that is based on prior scientific research or observations and that can be tested. “_____________ Guess” “___… ______… __________” Statement

H OW DO YOU TEST A HYPOTHESIS ? E XPERIMENT … Develop a test or experiment to _________ or ____________ your hypothesis Must be run ____________ times Must have only 1 ___________________ variable (the factor being tested Must include 2 setups Experimental setup Control setup

W HAT ARE THE PARTS OF AN EXPERIMENT ? Use a ______________ Experiment An experiment that tests only one factor at a time by using a comparison of a control group and an experimental group. _____________ Group The group that the scientist changes nothing in. ___________________Group The group that the scientist has changed something. It is the variable in the experiment.

W HAT IS A VARIABLE ? The factor that is different from one group to another. Independent variable The factor that the scientist has ___________________ in order to test the hypothesis. Dependent Variable The _______________ of what the scientist changed. What happened in the experiment.

W HAT ARE CONSTANTS ? They are what the scientist kept the ______________ in both the control group and the experimental group.

H OW CAN YOU GATHER DATA ? Make Observations. Any use of the senses to gather information. Qualitative Observations Anything that you______, smell, touch, taste, or ___________. Ex. Blue, bitter, fizzing sound. Quantitative Observations Any observation that can be _________________. Must include a _______________. Ex. 5 centimeters long

H OW CAN YOU ANALYZE RESULTS TO DETERMINE PATTERNS ? Record Data Write ____________ and measurements Be consistent when you are checking your experiments and recording the results Create___________or charts (Data Tables and Pie Charts) Create graphs from collected Data (Line Graphs, Bar Graphs) Complete all necessary ________________- calculations

H OW CAN YOU DRAW CONCLUSIONS ? Answer the following questions in paragraph form (Always explain in detail using scientific vocabulary.): Do your results/data support your hypothesis? Why or why not? What are ways you can improve your data? What would you do differently if you were to repeat the experiment?

H OW WOULD YOU COMMUNICATE RESULTS ? Share data and information with others, such as scientists. Publish your findings in a book, magazine, journal, the internet.

L ET ’ S TRY ! Six bean plants are to be tested to see what happens if light is taken away. The all have the same type of container, the same amount of soil, and they will receive the same amount of water. Three will be placed in a sunlit window and 3 will be placed in a dark closet for 2 weeks.

W HAT ARE SCIENTIFIC MODELS ? Model A __________________ of an object or system. Physical Models Mathematical Models Conceptual Models

W HAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SCIENTIFIC THEORY AND A SCIENTIFIC LAW ? Theory An ______________ that ties together many hypotheses and observations. Supported by repeated trials. May help with further predictions. Tells _______ it happens. Law A summary of many experimental results and observations. Tells how things work ___________ tells what happens, it does not explain why.