Eukaryotic Cellular Organelle Notes

Cell Membrane Boundary between the inside and outside of the cell Maintains homeostasis in a cell by controlling what enters and leaves the cell

Cytoplasm Gel-like liquid inside the cell which helps transport materials and supports the organelles hs_dictionary/cytoplasm.gif

Nucleus Control center of the cell; directs cell growth, development and reproduction Contains DNA Inside the nucleus is the nucleolus, where ribosomes are made Nucleolus

Ribosomes Site (location) of protein synthesis *Synthesis means to make.

Mitochondria the “powerhouse” of the cell Turns food into a useable form of energy called ATP which the cell uses to do work (cellular respiration)

Endoplasmic Reticulum Systems of membranes “highway” used to make and transport materials around the cell  Rough E.R.-site of protein synthesis (covered in ribosomes)  Smooth E.R.-site of lipid synthesis (no ribosomes)

Golgi Body The “post-office” of the cell Sorts, packages and sends proteins and lipids made in the E.R. around the cell

Lysosome Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste products

Cell Wall Lies outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and bacterial cells Provides support to strengthen the cell

Vacuole Stores water, nutrients and waste products in the center of a plant cell Pressure from the stored water helps support the plant cell

Chloroplast Uses oxygen, water and light energy from the sun to make food (photosynthesis) Only found in plant cells Contains chlorophyll, a chemical which gives plants their green color

II. Plant vs. Animal Cell Structures Label the picture in your notes using the diagram below. /tkelley/plntcell.jpg Lysosome

Directions: Complete the Quick Review on your notes handout.

III. Levels of Organization  Life can be organized into different categories based on structure and function. The smallest living thing is a cell. aree/cell_system.png

IV. Levels of Organization 1. The Cell -The basic unit of life is the cell. -Single celled organisms are made of one cell that must carry out all the metabolic functions necessary to keep the cell/organism alive. st22-1.jpg

IV. Levels of Organization 2. Tissues -Cells in a multicellular organism can become specialized to perform specific functions for the whole organism; this happens during the development of the multicellular organism. -A group of specialized cells that work together to perform a particular function for an organism is called a tissue. alth/adam/8682.jpg

IV. Levels of Organization 3. Organs -Different types of tissues grouped together to perform a function for an organism are called an organ. /19223.jpg  Stomach

IV. Levels of Organization 4. Organ Systems -When several organs have similar functions and work together, they make up an organ system. /1digestiveorgans.gif Digestive System 

IV. Levels of Organization 5. Organism -All the organ systems working together make up an organism.

IV. Levels of Organization Levels of Organization from Smallest to Largest Cell->Tissue->Organ->Organ System->Organism ***Organisms are placed in larger groups of populations, communities, and ecosystems.

Even Plants Need Structure! Molecule Organelle CellTissue Organ Organism Structure gives us function! mmons/thumb/9/92/Chlorophyll-a-3D- vdW.png/180px-Chlorophyll-a-3D-vdW.png m/images/biol_01_img0077.jpg ence/sciber00/8th/energy/images/c hloro.jpg ge.co.uk/images- database/david- spears/big1/agreen 02-new.jpg bm.com/comm/research_ teams.nsf/pages/zos.inde x.html/$FILE/leaf_1_bg_ jpg gfamily.com/wp- content/uploads/2007/ 11/sug-maple-tree.jpg

Directions: Complete the Quick Review on your notes handout.

The Magic of Cells Video Watch the Magic of Cells video.