S8P2. Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations of energy.

Unit 3: Energy S8P2. Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations of energy. EQ: What is energy? Answer EQ: P. 70

Learning Goals  LG1: I will know the different forms of energy; understand law of conservation of energy, and the difference between potential and kinetic energy.  LG2: I will know and label the different forms of energy; understand law of conservation of energy, and compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy.  LG3: I will know and label the different forms of energy; understand law of conservation of energy in everyday life, and compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy. Choose only 1

 The Law of Conservation of Energy – Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but may change form.

 Energy – the ability to cause change Forms of energy include: -Electrical -Chemical -Thermal -Mechanical

 The joule is the unit of energy. Work can be thought of as the transfer of energy. Joule is the measurement of energy.  Energy transformation – the process that occurs when one kind of energy changes to another kind of energy Ex. Chemical to Thermal happening in our bodies when we burn calories.

Potential and Kinetic Energy EQ: What is potential and kinetic energy? EQ Answer: P. 72

Kinetic Energy – energy in the form of motion Ex. Going down a slide

Potential Energy – energy that is stored Ex. Waiting at the top of a slide

 Answer these questions around the TV.  Explain what your comic strip shows.  What is the potential energy picture and why is it potential energy?  What is the kinetic energy picture and why is it kinetic energy? P. 74

 Elastic Potential Energy – energy stored by something that can stretch or compress, such as rubber band or spring. P. 73

 Chemical Potential Energy – energy stored in chemical bonds A glass of milk has CPE until you drink it then calories are used as energy for your body.  Gravitational Potential Energy – anything that can fall has stored GPE A ball on a ledge has GPE

 Nuclear Energy – energy stored in the nucleus of an atom. It is the energy that holds the nucleus together.

Cut out your pictures!  Work with your partner to match the word to the picture.

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Kinetic Energy  Energy in the form of motion  *ANYTHING THAT IS MOVING!

Potential Energy  Stored energy  *NOT MOVING!

Elastic Potential Energy  Energy stored by something that can stretch or compress

Chemical Potential Energy  Energy stored in chemical bonds  *ALL FOOD

Gravitational Potential Energy  Energy stored in an object that can fall

Forms of Energy EQ: What are 4 forms of energy? EQ Answer: P. 76

Sound Energy – form of energy we can hear Light Energy – form of energy our eyes can detect

Thermal Energy – energy of moving particles that cause heat Mechanical Energy – energy of objects in motion

Electrical Energy – energy of particles moving through wire (usually electrons) Magnetic Energy – energy causing push or pull

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Sound Energy: What we can hear Example: The sound you hear when you bounce a ball Outside on tab: Inside the tab:

Light Energy: What we can see Example: Light we see in a room, the sun is a great source of light in the day Outside the tab: Inside the tab:

Thermal Energy: Heat we can feel Examples: Warmth from the sun in the day or a campfire at night. Outside the tab: Inside the tab:

Mechanical Energy: Anything that moves Example: a car moving, a person catching a ball, a ball moving in the air. Outside the tab: Inside the tab:

Electrical Energy: Electrons moving through wire Example: Plugging in a lamp, lightning from the sky, power in your house Outside the tab: Inside the tab:

Magnetic Energy: Push or Pull Example: the push or pull on a magnet on a frig. Outside the tab: Inside the tab:

Mechanical Energy EQ: What is the mechanical energy formula? EQ Answer: P. 78

There are two forms of energy in mechanical energy: Kinetic Energy Potential Energy

Mechanical Energy: The combination of an object’s potential energy and kinetic energy. FORMULA: ME = PE + KE Mechanical Energy = Potential + Kinetic

Maximum potential energy Maximum kinetic energy

Every time the object changes direction, the object has more potential energy.

1. 7 joules of kinetic and 5 joules of potential joules of potential and 3 joules of kinetic joules of mechanical and 6 joules of potential. Use mechanical energy formula to find the missing piece!

1. When Sally throws a ball in the air, she notices that the ball has 5 joules of potential energy and 7 joules of kinetic. How much mechanical energy does the ball have? Word Problems

2. Jim is pushing a box on a truck. The full mechanical energy of the box is 20 joules. Jim knows the box only has 6 joules of potential energy. How much kinetic energy does the box have?

Create your own problem for mechanical energy: LG1: Ex. 3 PE + 5 KE = 8 ME LG2: Ex. 10 joules of potential and 3 joules of kinetic. LG3: Create a word problem.

Thermal Energy EQ: What is thermal energy? EQ Answer: P. 82

 Temperature – a measure of the average value of the kinetic energy of the molecules in random motion.  Thermal Expansion – almost all substances expand when they are heated and contract when they are cooled – exception is water. Heated  Expand Cooled  Contract

 Thermal Energy – sum of the kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object. Thermal energy increases as temperature increases

Thermal Energy Lab

Good Afternoon!  Come on in and you have 5 minutes to study for your quiz. P

Quiz Word Bank: Mechanical Energy Thermal Energy Gravitational Potential Energy Sound Energy Elastic Potential Energy Light Energy Energy Transformations

Transferring Thermal Energy EQ: What is convection, radiation, and conduction? EQ Answer: P. 84

Thermal energy is transferred from place to place by: ConductionConvectionRadiation Transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles in matter Transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place Transfer of energy by electromagn etic waves

 Conduction occurs in solids, liquids, and gases. Metals are the best conductors of heat.

 Insulator – material in which heat flows slowly.  Examples of materials that are insulators are wood, some plastics, fiberglass, and air.

 Convection occurs in fluids and gases. Rising of warmer fluid/gas and sinking of cooler fluid/gas forms a convection current.

 Radiation is the transfer of energy is most important in gases.

Good Afternoon!  Come on in and cut out the pictures on the handout.  While you are waiting on the scissors, study yesterday’s notes.

Card Sort  I want you to sort out your cards into three categories: Conduction Convection Radiation When you are done, please raise your hand so I can check.

On the back of the Cards…  Put a description why that picture shows that type of heat transfer.  Ex. This is an example of conduction because my hand is touching the hot cup of coffee.

Add your everyday examples  You will be handed three blank squares. On each blank square, you will draw a picture of each heat transfer in your life.  ADD COLOR!  If you need help, please let me know!

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Energy Project!!!!!  You are going to create a graffiti page in your interactive notebook on page 87.  You will have to put certain words on your page and add so many pictures.

LG1: You will draw 5 picture examples of vocabulary LG2: You will draw 6 picture examples of vocabulary LG3: You will draw 7 picture examples of vocabulary

Words you will use on graffiti page!  Energy  Energy transformations  Elastic energy  Chemical energy  Gravitational energy  Sound energy  Light energy  Thermal energy  Mechanical energy formula  Electrical energy  Convection  Conduction  Radiation P. 87 No white should be showing at all!!!!