Chapter 3 Section 3
Piankhi smelt
South of Egypt Blue and White Nile Nubia is rocky not much farmland Wealth of Resources – Minerals, gold granite – Precious stones – Goods came from central Africa – Eggs, slaves, ivory, ebony
Nubia’s People ◦ Expert traders ◦ Skilled in potttery ◦ Expert archers ◦ Called Nubia land of nine bows ◦ Hired as Egyptian police and soldiers
Early History ◦ Formed about the same time as the old kingdom ◦ Possessed great wealth ◦ Became rivals with Egypt ◦ Middle Kingdom Egypt conquered Nubia ◦ Adopted Egyptian culture, religion and building
Southern Nubia Present day Sudan Kush ruled all of Nubia Made an alliance with the Hyksos Trade with Egypt
Middle Kingdom collapses Kush ruled all of Nubia Make alliance with Hyksos Trade with Egypt increased Egyptians drove out Hyksos 1550 BC
Egyptian invade Kush Destroy Kerma Temple Egypt ruled all of Kush 1500 BC Rames the Great built temples and monuments
Egypt rules for 400 years 750 BC New Kushite kingdom Kush rulers expand their power north Piankhi ruler of the Kush Only ruled for 100 years
Rulers saw themselves as guardians of Egypt’s traditions ◦ Mummification ◦ Pryamids ◦ Hieroglyphics ◦ Not Egyptian dress ◦ Wore crown with two cobras union of both
Resumes in 200 BC City of Meroe ◦ Junction of two rivers ◦ Called island of Meroe ◦ Used wood for homes
Mineral resources ◦ Copper, gold, precious stones Iron most valuable product Started their own writing Used wealth from trade to build and expand
Abandon many Egyptian elements of culture Created own alphabet Women had high stature Female rulers
Decline in trade 200 AD Hostile people invade trade routes Smelt- to refine iron ore Needed wood and ran out 350 AD Aksum invaded Located in present day Ethiopia