(Toho Univ. a, Univ. Toyama b ) Chiho Fujita a, Hiroyuki Ozeki a, and Kaori Kobayashi b 2015 Jun 22ndInternational Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy, Illinois
Glycine (NH 2 CH 2 COOH) Alanine, Glutamine, etc… Amino acid Protein LifeFreq.(GHz)Sources Detected ? Brown et al. (1979) Sgr B2, Ori A, etc. × Hollis et al. (1980) Sgr B2 × Combes et al. (1996) Sgr B2, Orion × Ceccarelli et al. (2000) 101, 216 IRAS × Kuan et al. ( 2003 ) Sgr B2, Ori KL, W51 e1/e2 ? Etc.
Strecker Syntheses (Strecker (1850)) One of the famous reactions that produce amino acid in laboratory. NH 3 + H 2 CO → CH 2 NH + H 2 O CH 2 NH + HCN → NH 2 CH 2 CN NH 2 CH 2 CN + H 2 O → NH 2 CH 2 CONH 2 NH 2 CH 2 CONH 2 + H 2 O → NH 2 CH 2 COOH + NH 3 ammonia formaldehyde methylenimine hydrogen cyanide aminoacetonitrile (AAN) Glycine ( Ugliengo et al ) aminoacetamide
AANNC Å Å CC’ Å Å C’N’ Å Å CH Å Å NH Å Å NCC’114.54° HCH102.4° HNC109.6° HNH107.3° CC’N’180.0° Pickett (1973) Hydrogen Carbon Nitrogen N N’ C C’
MacDonald & Tyler 1972 Measured AAN spectra in the microwave region. a-type: 3 lines b-type: 2 lines a-type: 3 lines b-type: 2 linesPickett1973 Measured AAN and its deuterated isotopologues (NHD-, ND 2 -) spectra in microwave region. (NHD-, ND 2 -) spectra in microwave region. Determined electric dipole moment. μ a =2.577(7)D, μ b =0.5754(10)D μ a =2.577(7)D, μ b =0.5754(10)D Brown et al Determined hyper fine coupling constant of nitrogen nuclei. of nitrogen nuclei. Bogey et al Measured AAN spectra in the millimeter wave region. J’ ≤ 40 a-type: 110 lines, b-type: 5 lines. J’ ≤ 40 a-type: 110 lines, b-type: 5 lines. Belloche et al Reanalysis of the previous data. Motoki et al Extension to the Terahertz region. Corrected assignment of the b-type transitions J’ ≤ 40 a-type: 110 lines, b-type: 5 lines.
CDMS Belloche et al. (2008) succeeded to detect AAN’s millimeter wave spectra towards Sgr B2(N)!! AAN’s millimeter wave spectra towards Sgr B2(N)!! Detected region 80~260GHz Detected line 51 a-type transitions GHz
Parameter (MHz)Motoki et al. Belloche et al.Bogey et al. A (102) (71) (18) B (139) (84) (44) C (139) (76) (41) D J × (108) (68) (48) D JK × (138) (69) (10) DKDK (78) (99) (20) d 1 × (41) (40) (16) d 2 × (96) (106) (13) H J × (30) 9.593(276) 9.47(18) H JK × (51) (72) (14) H KJ × (81) (268) 6.85(13) H K × (21) (90) h 1 × (146) 2.989(225) - h 2 × (62) - (93) h 3 × (21) - 2.623(59) L J × (28) - - L JK × (133) - -3.58(22) L KJ × (157) - 8.45(98) L K × (176) - 17.08(94) S K ×10 9 - - 52.5(33)
It is quite likely to observe pure rotational spectra in these vibrational excited states. They would be useful for astronomical identification. a.B. Bak, E. L. Hansen, F. M. Nicolaisen, O. F. Nielsen, Can. J. Phys., 53, 2183 (1975). b.G. M. Chaban, J. Phys. Chem. A 2004, 108, Observed Frequency (cm -1 ) a Ab Initio Frequency (cm -1 ) b Mode Description NCC bending NH 2 -CH 2 torsion NH 2 torsion CC N bending
Measured region:114 ~ 450 GHz Sample pressure:about 8×10-3 Pa. Glass Cell Oscilloscope Filter PSD Modulator PC Frequency Synthesizer Rb clock GPS ×n Pirani gauge Diffusion pump Detector Amp Gas Multiplier
The rotational constants are expected to be similar to those in the ground state. Similar pattern with about 1/3 intensity were expected. When J of a-type R-branch becomes high, transitions of Ka=0 and 1 become closer and look like a doublet. The second excited state was found based on the extension of the ground state and the first excited state.
a.B. Bak, E. L. Hansen, F. M. Nicolaisen, O. F. Nielsen, Can. J. Phys., 53, 2183 (1975). b.G. M. Chaban, J. Phys. Chem. A 2004, 108, c.M. P. Bernstein, C. W. Bauschlicher Jr., S. A. Sandford, Advances in Space Research 33 (2004) 40–43 Symmetry (approximate) Observed Frequency (cm -1 ) a Force Field Analysis (cm -1 ) a Ab Initio Frequency (cm -1 ) b Ab Initio Frequency (cm -1 ) c Mode Description In-plane NCCN bending Out-of plane CC ≡ N bending Out-of plane NH 2 torsion In-plane NCCN bending
V0: ground state V1: 235 cm-1 V2: second excited state of V1 V3: 247 cm-1 V4: V5: 270 cm-1 Observed Frequency (cm -1 ) Relative intensity Mode Description NCC bending NH 2 -CH 2 torsion NH 2 torsion CC N bending
Intensity suggests that the three vibrational levels correspond to the three lowest vibrational excited states. The closeness of the two vibrational excited states indicate possibility of strong perturbation. A few MHz to 10 MHz deviations from the model at high J, K were noted in the analysis.
Pure rotational spectra of AAN in the vibrational excited states were measured. Analysis including the interaction between the vibrational states are planned. This study was supported by KAKENHI.