B2 ALEJANDRO MARIA ALLIE

 Function: Secrete different types of hormones  Importance: It regulates metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, and sleep and mood. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

ADRENAL GLANDS

 Above each kidney LOCATION

ROLE AND FUNCTION Adrenal Cortex  Secrete hormones regulating sugar, water, and ionic balance Adrenal Medulla  Secreted hormones functioning with the nervous system and is associated with stress reactions. Without the hormones the adrenals produce, you would die very quickly.

HORMONES OF ADRENAL GLANDS Adrenal Cortex  Epinephrine  Norepinephrine Adrenal Medulla  Aldosterone  Cortisol

FUNCTION OF THE HORMONES ADRENAL CORTEX  Aldosterone  Causes kidneys to conserve sodium ions and excrete potassium ions  Helps maintain blood volume and pressure  Helps regulate the amount of salt and water  Cortisol  Decreases protein synthesis, increases fatty acid release, and stimulates glucose synthesis from noncarbohydrates

FUNCTION OF THE HORMONES ADRENAL MEDULLA Epinephrine  Increases metabolic rate  Airways dilate  Increases systematic blood pressure due to an increase of cardiac output Norepinephrine  Increases metabolic rate  Airways dilate slightly  Increases significantly due to vasoconstriction Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are closely related hormones.

DIAGRAM

ADDISON’S DISEASE  Cause: Results from a problem with the adrenal glands not making enough cortisol  Tuberculosis  HIV  Some fungal infections  Cancer  Symptoms:  Weight loss  Fatigue  Low blood pressure  Darkening of skin

NEUROBLASTOMA Tumor that usually begins in adrenal glands or in nerve tissue  Cause:  Inherited mutation followed by 2 nd mutation after birth  Symptoms:  Cough/shortness of breath  Fever  Pain/limping/paralyrsis/weakness  Tumors on face or head

INTERESTING FACTS  In the 7 th month of fetal life, the adrenal glands are about the same size as our kidneys. At birth, they are slightly smaller, and by old age, they will be so small they can hardly be seen.  They adrenal glands are sometimes referred as the kidney hats because they look like small hats being worn by the kidneys.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Shier, David, Jackie Butler, and Ricki Lewis. Hole's essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology. 10th. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, Print. University of Southern California,. N.p.. Web. 8 Sep Shier, David, Jackie Butler, and Ricki Lewis. Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology: Laboratory Manual. Toronto, ON: McGraw Hill Higher Education, Print "Understanding Addison's Disease -- the Basics." WebMD. WebMD, n.d. Web. 06 Sept "Addison's Disease Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment - MedicineNet." MedicineNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Sept "Neuroblastoma." - Causes & Symptoms. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Sept " Endocrine System: Facts, Functions and Diseases | LiveScience." Science News – Science Articles and Current Events | LiveScience. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept " Google Image Result for Google. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept " Google Image Result for Google. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept " Google Image Result for Google. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept "Adrenal Gland Disorders: MedlinePlus." National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Sept

 1. True or false: You can live without the adrenal glands.  2. What disease can be caused by the adrenal glands?  A. Addison’s Disease  B. Diabetis  C. Parkinson’s Disease  D. Adrenal Disease  3. Which is NOT a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands?  A. Cortisol  B. Epinephrine  C. Aldosterone  D. Insulin  4. In your opinion, is the endocrine system important to the human body, why or why not? QUESTIONS

 1. False  2. A.  3. Insulin  4. Yes, secretes hormones to help maintain homeostasis ANSWERS