KARAGANDA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY The notion about epidemic process. Lecture: Kamarova A.M.

Epidemic process is a process of interaction of the causative agent - parasite and the host - patient on a population level, shows at the level of a social and an environment of an individual having plural diseases, and also asymptomatic forms of an infection, or disease of the population of different degree of intensity. Epidemic process is a process of interaction of the causative agent - parasite and the host - patient on a population level, shows at the level of a social and an environment of an individual having plural diseases, and also asymptomatic forms of an infection, or disease of the population of different degree of intensity.

Epidemiology is a tool that is essential for carrying out four fundamental functions:  - public health surveillance  - disease investigation  - analytic studies  - program evalution

Public health surveillance  Through public health surveillance6 a health department systematically collects, analysis, interprets, and disseminates health data on an ongoing basis. By knowing the ongoing pattern of disease occurrence and disease potential6 a health department can effectively and efficiently investigate6 prevent and control disease in the community

Disease investigation  The first action of a health department when it receives a report of a case or a cluster of cases of a disease is to investigate. The investigation may be as limited as a telephone call to the health-care provider to confirm or clarify the circumstances of the reported case, or it may be as extensive as a field investigation coordinating the efforts of dozens of people to determine the extent and cause of a large outbreak.

Analytic studies  Study design  Conduct  Analysis  Interpretation

Sporadical disease – 1 or 2 cases of infection diseases, but the patients don’t contact interaction Sporadical disease – 1 or 2 cases of infection diseases, but the patients don’t contact interaction

 Epidemic may be initiated from a common source and then continue as a propagated epidemic. Water-borne cholera is a familiar example, the epidemic reaches a sharp peak, but tails off gradually over a longer period of time.

 Pandemic – spreading of infection disease in all courtiers of the world

 Antroponosis infection – the source of infection is human (ill patient, bacteria transmission people)

 Zoonosis infections – the course of infection is animals

 Sapronosis infections – the source of infection is factors of environment

The END. Thank you!