Forces that Shape the Earth

1 The sun, planets, and other bodies in space solar system

2 To spin on an axisrotate

3 An imaginary line that passes through the center of the earth from the North Pole to the South Pole axis

4 The layer of oxygen and other gasses that surround the earth atmosphere

5 The specific path each planet follows orbit

6 A year with 366 days instead of 365 ¼, happens every four years leap year

7 one complete path around the sun revolution

8 The day with the most hours of daylight Summer solstice

9 When day and night are of equal length (spring and autumn) equinox

10 The day with the fewest hours of sunlight winter solstice

11 This theory explains how the continents were formed and the movement of the earth’s plates plate tectonics

12 Plate tectonics affects the earth by causing these three things to happen. earthquakes volcanoes mountain building

13 The breakdown of rocks by water, ice, chemicals, and plants weathering

14 The movement of weathered materials erosion

15 Three agents of erosion – three things that cause erosion to occur wind water ice

16 Which area receives more direct sunlight, the Tropics or the Poles? Tropics

17 Wind affects climate by carrying warm winds from the __________ to other part of the earth and cold winds from the ________ Tropics Poles

18 Elevation affects climate because the ________ you go the colder it gets higher

19 Which side of a mountain is the wet side? windward

20 Areas near an ocean have ______ climates than areas inland milder

Be able to answer the following questions Where do you think an earthquake is more likely to occur – along North America’s Pacific coast or along North America’s Atlantic coast? Why? How do the shapes of South America and Africa support the theory of plate tectonics?

Explain how latitude affects climate. Be able to identify the lines of latitude shown in the diagram.