M.A.I.N.M.A.I.N.. Events in Europe In Western Europe trench warfare, stalemate between France, Britain and Germany, bloody battles with several hundred.

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Presentation transcript:

M.A.I.N.M.A.I.N.

Events in Europe In Western Europe trench warfare, stalemate between France, Britain and Germany, bloody battles with several hundred thousands of casualties (Verdun, Marne) In Eastern Europe Germans push back Russians after initial Russian advances Ottoman empire holds out against allied powers (Gallipoli) Austria and Italy fight in the Alps

French postcard depicting the arrival of 15th Sikh Regiment in France

New Technology Airplanes Poison gas, gas masks Tanks Submarines Heavy, far reaching artillery

World Wide Events British dominions (Canada, Australia, New Zealand) show considerable support, send many soldiers Japan attacks German colonies in Pacific Fighting in the colonies, many colonial people support their “mother” country 1917 US joins on the allied side In Ottoman empire Armenian genocide

War at Home Total War Women Propaganda Conscription Rationing

Ending the War (1918) The Tide Turns German troops fatigued US had 140,000 “fresh” troops 2 nd Battle of the Marne (June 1918) Central Powers Crumble Revolutions in Austria Hungary Ottoman Empire surrenders German soldiers mutiny, public turns against Kaiser Wilhelm II

End of the War (1918) Armistice: 11 th hour of the 11 th day of the 11 th month in 1918 Germany agrees to a cease-fire 8.5 million soldiers dead 21 million soldiers wounded Cost of 338 billion dollars

Events at the end of the war Wilson develops the 14 Points 1-5: end to secret treaties (alliances), freedom of the seas, eliminating imperial colonies, & reducing national militaries 6-13: changing national boundaries, creating new nations, & allowing self- determination 14: League of Nations Paris Peace Conference – 32 Nations Big 4 Treaty of Versailles USA didn’t sign or join The League

Outcomes Germany loses territory (Treaty of Versailles), pays heavy reparations Austria-Hungary, Ottoman empire dissolved, new nation states Britain, France, US take German colonies Rising dissatisfaction in colonies because colonial powers do not allow for more autonomy as promised -> independence movements gain more momentum US, Japan new world powers Russian Revolution 1917

Europe and the Middle East after WW I