Where is Mediterranean Europe?

Mediterrean Europe Spain Portugal Andorra Italy Vatican City Malta Greece

The Mediterrean region was home to the two great civilizations of ancient Europe. What were they? Ancient Greece Ancient Rome

Two geographic advantages helped this region develop Mild climate made survival easier and societies had time to develop complex institutions such as government Mediterranean Sea encouraged trade with different societies bringing new ideas to the area. This leads to advances in knowledge

Greece: Birthplace of Democracy

Maps of Greece

The city-state of Athens developed the first democracy, a government in which the people rule. In Athens, all free adult males were citizens who had the right to serve in the law-making assembly Athenian democracy helped inspire the US system of government Warring among the city-states of Greece weakened them and they were eventually conquered by Alexander the Great

Greek science, philosophy, drama and art helped shape modern culture.

The Parthenon in Greece Famous Greek Temple (450 BC) near Athens

Typical Greek village and Greek money

City of Santorini in Greece

Greek Heroes: Jason, Hercules… Homer’s epics: The Iliad and Odyssey

Apennine Mts.-Italy

“All roads lead to Rome” As Greece was losing it’s power, Rome was rising Founded in 753 BC Huge empire by 100 AD Built a large network of roads for communication and to make it easy for armies to march

Rome was a republic, a government in which citizens elect representatives to rule in their name Rome conquered the Iberian and Balkan peninsulas Because of turmoil in the country, Rome put aside its republic and began to be ruled by an emperor.

One of Rome’s territories was Palestine, the place where Jesus was born. Christianity spread across the Roman empire when it became Rome’s official religion in the late 300 AD’s

Italy The Coliseum in Rome

The invaders who overthrew Rome had no strong central government and so Italy eventually became divided into many small city-states. In 1096, Christians launched the Crusades against the Muslims that were controlling Palestine. Italians earned large profits by supplying ships for the Crusaders. Italian states became rich and they grew powerful once again

Vatican City Smallest populated nation Vatican City Smallest populated nation. Have their own flag and currency

Vatican St. Peters Basilica

Vatican- Old painting

Renaissance Began in the Italian city-states Time of renewed interest in learning and the arts that lasted from the 14th – 16th century Renaissance ideas spread north to the rest of Europe

The Renaissance started in Italy in the 1300’s with famous artists and inventors- such as: Leonardo, Michaelangelo, Donatelo, and Rafael

Michaelangelo’s “Awakening Slave” & “Holy Family”

Michaelangelo’s “Creation of Man” Painted on ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

Rafael’s “Madonna”

Leonardo DaVinci Artist & inventor

Italy Venice -Canals throughout the city (sinking)

Venice Gondolas

Leaning tower of Pisa

Iberian Peninsula Spain and Portugal established colonies throughout the Americas and elsewhere They spread Catholicism and the Spanish and Portuguese language throughout the world

Pyrenees Mountains Pyrenees Mts. have isolated Iberian Pen. from Europe

SPAIN

Rock of Gilbrator The Rock of Gibraltar is famous for its strategic importance; it holds an underground military communication center and a naval base.

From a different angle-