DATE: NOVEMBER 12, 2015 TOPIC: THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY AIM: HOW DOES THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY EXIST WITHIN THE US POLITICAL SYSTEM? DO NOW: HANDOUT.

LETS PAIR UP AND TAKE A LOOK AT THESE POLITICAL CARTOONS. REMEMBER, DO NOT PUT THOSE DOCUMENT SKILLS ON THE SHELF. YOU WILL SEE AT LEAST ONE CHART/GRAPH ON YOUR FRQ IN MAY.

DATE: NOVEMBER 13, 2015 TOPIC: THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY AIM: HOW DOES THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY EXIST WITHIN THE US POLITICAL SYSTEM? DO NOW: HANDOUT.

 Administration of government through departments.  Consists of unelected often highly trained professionals.  Task specialization.  Hierarchical authority.

Government organizations usually staffed with officials based on experience and expertise that implement public policy. 15 Cabinet Departments and all government agencies. What happens to the laws after they are passed? Can anyone name a bureaucratic agency that was created following 9/11? Ex: Department of Homeland Security. Security DEFINING A BUREAUCRACY

The Department of Health and Human Services works to implement the Affordable Care Act. AFFORDABLE CARE ACT CARE HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES SECRETARY KATHLEEN SEBELIUS TESTIFIES ON CAPITAL HILL.N

FUNCTIONS OF THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY Implementation - carry out laws of Congress, executive orders of the President. Administration - routine administrative work; provide services (ex: SSA sends social security checks to beneficiaries). Regulation - issue rules and regulations that impact the public (ex: EPA sets clean air standards).

DISCRETIONARY POWERS GIVEN TO THE AGENCIES Discretionary authority – the extent to which appointed bureaucrats can choose courses of action and make policies not spelled out in advance by laws. Administrative Agencies given power in three areas : A.) Paying subsidies (funds as an investment) to particular groups and organizations in society – given to business and organizations the government wants to promote. B.) Transferring money from the federal government to state and local governments ( Devolution ). C.) Devising and enforcing regulations for various sectors of society and the economy.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO CUT THROUGH THE RED TAPE? WHAT IS THE RED TAPE? BUREAUCRATIC AGENCIES ARE GIVEN DISCRETIONARY POWERS TO CREATE POLICY. CONGRESS MAY VAGUELY DESCRIBE WHAT IT WANTS THROUGH LEGISLATION HOWEVER GREAT LIBERTIES CAN BE GIVEN TO THE AGENCY TO CARRY OUT THE POLICY. WHY? SPECIALISTS WITHIN A FIELD AND TIME.

Presidential power over bureaucracy - regulated by Article II of the Constitution – sections 1 (Executive Power) and 3 (commission all the officers of the US). Every senior appointed official has at least two masters – one in the Executive branch and the other in the Legislative branch. Congress has given itself power over agencies. What does the Legislative Branch have many of? How does having a leader in the Legislative Branch and a leader in the Executive work in the favor of the bureaucrat? THE AMERICAN BUREAUCRACY 1.) HOUSE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE1.) HOUSE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE - COMMITTEE 2.) US DEPARTMEMNT OF AGRICULTURE – GOVERNMENT AGENCY 3.) INTEREST GROUP

IRON TRIANGLE – A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AN AGENCY, A CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE, AND AN INTEREST GROUP.ANNTERESTGROUP.

IRON TRIANGLE – A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AN AGENCY, A CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE, AND AN INTEREST GROUP.

LISTING OF BUREAUCRATIC AGENCIES LOOK AT THIS!

PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTEES Presidential appointees

BUREAUCRATIC RELATIONS WITH LOCAL GOVERNMENTS. Many agencies work with other organizations at other levels of government. Ex: Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) gives grants to cities for urban development (housing).

CONGRESS CAN FAIL AT ACHIEVING EFFECTIVE OVERSIGHT They may find there will be no political or electoral payoff (what’s in it for me). There may be pressure from interest groups. Problems of the bureaucracy also causes opportunities for congressional casework. DO NOT INVESTIGATE THAT AGENCY! THEY PROVIDE US WITH FAVORABLE (DISCRETIONARY) LEGISLATION.

ANY THOUGHTS? 1.) What generalizations can you make about the bureaucracy of pizza? 2.) What are advantages and disadvantages that you the consumer receive from this? What about the pizza businesses? 3.) Would you go into the pizza business?

Hold - An informal practice by which a senator informs his or her floor leader that he or she does not wish a particular bill or other measure to reach the floor for consideration. The majority leader need not follow the senator's wishes, but is on notice that the opposing senator may filibuster any motion to proceed to consider the measure. UnanimousUnanimous consent, by definition means that everyone involved or voting agrees on the decision being made. No one is opposed to the motion or decision.