I'm diggin' with my fingertips I'm ripping at the ground I stand upon I'm searching for fragile bones Evolution I'm never gonna be refined Keep trying but I won't assimilate Sure we have come far in time watch the bow break And I'm sorry that I don't believe by the evidence that I see That there's any hope left for me It's evolution Just evolution And I, I do not dare deny the basic beast inside It's right here It's controlling my mind And why do I deserve to die and I'm dominated by This animal thats locked up inside Close up to get a real good view I'm betting that the species will survive Hold tight, I'm getting inside you Evolution And when were gonna find these bones They're gonna want to keep them in a jar the number one virus caused by Procreation And the planet may go astray in a million years they'll say Those ****** were all derranged It's evolution Just evolution And I, I do not dare deny the basic beast inside It's right here It's controlling my mind And why do I deserve to die I'm dominated by This animal thats locked up inside Take a look around Nothing much has changed Take a look around Nothing much has changed Take a look around [x3] Nothing much has changed Take a look around [x2] Nothing much has changed Take a look around [x2] Nothing much has changed Take a look around I, I do not dare deny the basic beast inside It's right here It's controlling my mind And why do I deserve to die I'm dominated by This animal that's locked up inside Why Why do I deserve to die?

Evolution “Nothing in biology makes sense except in light of evolution.” T. Dobzhansky

So What does evolution mean anyway? Evolution does not mean man evolved from monkeys!!!!!! Evolution means that all species must change over time in order to survive.

Charles Darwin is credited with creating the theory of evolution. His theory is based upon the variations seen among members of a population and whether those variations are favorable. If a variation is favorable to an organism, then it becomes an adaptation. An adaptation is a feature that allows an organism to better survive in its’ environment.

Other scientists who helped shaped Darwin’s theories Most scientists in 1700’s were rejecting idea that earth was only 6,000 years old Linneaus developed a classification system for all types of organisms known in the 1700’s--he grouped them based upon similarities Buffon proposed that species shared ancestors instead of arising separately.

Lamarck believed that changes in the environment caused the organisms behavior to change, leading to greater use or disuse of a structure or organ. The structure would then become larger or smaller as a result and the organism could pass the change to its’ offspring. Lamarck’s theory became known as the inheritance of acquired characteristics. An example would be giraffes necks growing longer to reach leaves in trees. Today we know this is wrong because of genetics.

Darwin’s Observations Darwin saw variation among organisms. Variation is differences in a physical traits. Galápagos tortoises that live in areas with tall plants have long necks and legs. Even the shells allowed different feeding strategies.

Darwin believed that variations were adaptations. An adaptation helps an organism to survive. –Species are able to adapt to their environment. –Adaptations lead to genetic change in populations. –Adaptations can be passed to offspring.

Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that resemble modern animals. This supported evolution and that animals adapt and change over time.

Theory of Natural Selection Darwin conducted 20 years of research while thinking about how evolution occurs & this was in artificial selection The process by which humans change a species by breeding it for certain traits is artificial selection.

The Four Components of Natural Selection: 1.Variation must be present in the population, they are the basis for natural selection. 2.There must be overproduction of offspring so that there is competition for survival. 3.Some variations must become adaptations, giving some individuals an advantage over others. They are “naturally selected” to survive. 4.Over time these adaptations are passed to more offspring in the population & evolution occurs.

Natural selection can only act on the variations organisms have (their physical traits).

Evidence for Evolution Fossils show that organisms change over time Trilobites are ancient marine mammals are commonly found fossils in places such as Ohio.

The study of geography provides evidence of evolution. –island species most closely resemble nearest mainland species –populations can show variation from one island to another, because different ecosystems favor different adaptations

Embryology provides evidence of evolution. –Organisms that are very different as adults can be very similar as embryos –Embryos of vertebrates are had to tell apart –Fish, birds, reptiles & mammals all have gill slits as embryos Larva Adult barnacle Adult crab

The study of anatomy provides evidence of evolution. –Comparison of body parts of different species can show evolutionary relationships –Homologous structures are similar in structure but different in function. Example: human hand, bat wing, mole foot. –Homologous structures are evidence of a common ancestor. Human hand Bat wingMole foot

Analogous structures have a similar function, but not similar in origin. Example bat wing & insect wing. Human hand Bat wing Mole foot Fly wing

Vestigial structures are remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor. Examples are ostrich wings, pelvic bones and small hind limbs in snakes, and the appendix in humans.