Things that make go you hmm. Our bombs are smarter than the average high school student. At least they can find Kuwait. -A. Whitney Brown Without deviation from the norm, progress is not possible. –Frank Zappa We are all worms, but I do believe I am a glowworm. – Winston Churchill I know not with what weapons World III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones. - Albert Einstein

1930s – A Global Depression

Starts in the USA It began with the stock market crash on Oct 29, 1929 on Wall Street, New York City It began with the stock market crash on Oct 29, 1929 on Wall Street, New York City The other major world markets followed very quickly (London, Paris, Munich) The other major world markets followed very quickly (London, Paris, Munich) The US economy fell quickly into the Depression, and as they were the world’s largest economy, everyone followed The US economy fell quickly into the Depression, and as they were the world’s largest economy, everyone followed

Depression in Europe After WW I Germany was billed $32 billion to repair other countries After WW I Germany was billed $32 billion to repair other countries It suffered heavy damage as well It suffered heavy damage as well To meet the payments, the German gov’t printed more money in the 1920’s To meet the payments, the German gov’t printed more money in the 1920’s This lowered the value of their money and led to INFLATION This lowered the value of their money and led to INFLATION

Western Countries to the rescue To keep German inflation from spiraling out of control, Britain, US and France agreed to give Germany better terms to repay their debts To keep German inflation from spiraling out of control, Britain, US and France agreed to give Germany better terms to repay their debts Black Tuesday hit Germany harder than most countries Black Tuesday hit Germany harder than most countries Germany’s inability to repay other countries contributed to the Depression Germany’s inability to repay other countries contributed to the Depression

Asia Japan was a strong, independent nation with a strong manufacturing industry Japan was a strong, independent nation with a strong manufacturing industry Tariff barriers and a decline in international trade led to a severe slowdown in Japan’s economy Tariff barriers and a decline in international trade led to a severe slowdown in Japan’s economy Raw materials for its industries come from US, which stopped shipping to Japan Raw materials for its industries come from US, which stopped shipping to Japan To gain resource rich lands, it invades northern China (Manchuria) To gain resource rich lands, it invades northern China (Manchuria)

Russia The 1917 Bolshevik Revolution brought in Communism to Russia The 1917 Bolshevik Revolution brought in Communism to Russia 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is formed 1922 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is formed Communism insulated Russia from the economic slowdown felt elsewhere in the world Communism insulated Russia from the economic slowdown felt elsewhere in the world Communism is brought in by Josef Stalin, who murdered millions and robbed people of their freedoms Communism is brought in by Josef Stalin, who murdered millions and robbed people of their freedoms

Instability breeds… Dictators and rulers willing to exploit the situation by offering solutions to desperate people Dictators and rulers willing to exploit the situation by offering solutions to desperate people