Asia Physical Geography
Asia
Asia’s Ranking in Size of Continent The largest of the world’s continents, covering approximately 30 percent of the Earth’s land area. It is also the world’s most populous continent, with roughly 60 percent of the total population.
Physical Regions of Asia Asia can be divided into five major physical regions: -mountain systems -Plateaus -plains, steppes, and deserts -freshwater environments -saltwater environments.
The Himalayan Mountains The Himalaya mountains extend for about 2,500 kilometers separating the Indian from the rest of Asia. The Indian subcontinent collided with the Eurasian continent about 50 million to 55 million years ago, forming the Himalayas. -is still crashing northward into Asia, and the Himalayas are growing about 5 centimeters every year. The Himalayas include the highest mountain summit in the world, Mount Everest, which stands at 8,850 meters
“Rooftop of the World” The Tibetan Plateau is considered the largest and highest area ever to exist in the history of Earth. -covers an area about half the size of the United States and more than 5,000 meters above sea level. -The Tibetan Plateau is extremely important to the world’s water cycle because of its glaciers. The ice and snow from these glaciers feed Asia’s largest rivers. Approximately 2 billion people depend on the rivers fed by the plateau’s glaciers.
The Rub’ al Khali Desert The Rub’ al Khali desert is the world’s largest sand sea, covers an area larger than France across Saudi Arabia, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. It holds roughly half as much sand as Africa’s Sahara desert, even though it is 15 times smaller in size.
DEEP DOWN Lake Baikal, located in southern Russia, is the deepest lake in the world, reaching a depth of 1,620 meters The lake contains 20 percent of the world’s unfrozen freshwater, making it the largest reservoir on Earth. It is also the world’s oldest lake, at 25 million years old.
The Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the largest bay in the world, covering almost 2.2 million square kilometers and bordering Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and Burma. Many large rivers, including the Ganges empty into the bay.
“Mother of Gardens” Botanists nickname China the “Mother of Gardens.” It has more flowering plant species than North and South America combined From roses to peonies, many familiar flowers most likely originated in northern China. China is the likely origin of such fruit trees as peaches and oranges.