Goal 9 Part 1 Postwar Trends

___________________ Biggest threat after WWI ____________the economic system in which economics / politics are based on a single-party government, ruled by a dictatorship Example: _____________________(Lenin) * Communism = government ownerships of businesses and personal lives of citizens (extreme version of _______________)

__________________ Panic in the U.S. beginning in ____ (after WWI) Communists formed a political party in America! (70,000 / some from IWW - socialist) Bombs were mailed to businesses American Hero: _______________________ – would try to combat the Communists!

The Palmer Raids ________ Purpose: To hunt down suspected ________, ________, _______and _______________________ *Focused on immigrants = ____________  Attacked people’s Civil Rights  Jailed suspects without allowing them legal counsel and some immigrants were deported without trials (__________________)  Outcome: no evidence! (some thought Palmer had a political agenda)

Shipping off “suspected” communist

Sacco and Vanzetti NATIVISM - Two of the most famous victims of _________were Sacco and Vanzetti (Italian immigrants; both _______________________) Story: Sacco and Vanzetti were arrested and charged with robbery and murder of a factory manager Witnesses: “__________” Nativism caused the judge and the jury to find them guilty and sentenced them to death! Sentence: Death by electric chair… Main result: ___________________________!

Limiting Immigration “_____________________________” Limits occurred because America had fewer unskilled labor jobs! Before 1890 – open arms…After closed arms ** ________________________________________)** – Congress limited immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe (NEW IMMIGRANTS) Sets up a “___________________________” established the maximum number of people who could enter the U.S. Main goal: __________________________! Main result: discrimination against other countries! *LATER ENDED BY THE _______________(LB Johnson) __________________________(1924) (same as above / but eliminated ALL Asian immigrants

The KKK rise again! How??? 2 Excuses (1) __________ (2)____________ Claimed the KKK were “100% American” Main goals: a return to white, native-born supremacy (American supremacy) Main enemy in 1920s: ____________ Main enemy in Reconstruction: ______________________________

NEW PRESIDENT _______________(_________) Republican  Ohio Senator (corruption)  How did he win? ***** “____________________ ” ***** In order to do that: put down the guns / get back to __________________________________ (Washington Naval Conference and the Kellogg- Briand Pact)

_________________________(1919) Started during WWI Denied the right to _____________ Massachusetts Governor = _______________(later to become president) sends in _____________ (injunction or arbitration) Strike ended – new policemen were hired Coolidge saves Boston from anarchy and wins national fame Coolidge becomes Harding’s Vice President

Harding has a “HARD” time (struggling for peace after WWI) *____________________________* - put together by Harding, but ____________________: Chief Justice of the Supreme Court suggested: (1) no more ____________be built for the next 10 years! (2) 5 major naval powers of the world – U.S., Britain, France, Japan, and Italy should “________________” Result: it worked – first time in history

______________________(1928) ________________________________________ Purpose of Kellogg – Briand Pact: 15 countries sign this pact or “________” to denounce war as national policy / international support! MAIN PROBLEM: If you use war as national policy…. __________________________________________

High Tariffs and Reparations After WWI – ____________had a debt to America ($10 billion) Two ways to repay it: (1) _______________________ (2) __________________from Germany So, American passed the __________________________(1922) – raised taxes on imports by 60%. * This made it almost impossible for Fr and Br to repay by selling goods – so they HAD to collect reparation from Germany (American plot to humiliate Germany???)

Germany’s reaction Germany failed to repay the money (suffered from terrible inflation) French reaction: _____________________ American reaction: American banker ______________________was sent to negotiate! *** Dawes Plan *** - ____________________________________________________ ______________________…so France and Britain can pay us *We are getting paid with our own money! OVERALL GOAL OF U.S. – ____________! Note: DO NOT get Dawes Plan and Dawes Act mixed up! *France and Britain are upset with the U.S. U.S. escaped paying for war debts / Europeans lost their lives

Scandal Hits Harding’s Administration Harding’s Cabinet:  Known as the “___________”, the President’s poker-playing “buddies”  Harding’s Cabinet = CORRUPTION!!!!! GRAFT: the illegal use of political influence for personal gain **** _________________________________****

Teapot Dome Scandal President: ________________ Story: The federal government set aside _______________ in Teapot Dome, Wyoming for “__________________________________” Problem: _______________became greedy! (secretly leased the land to oil executives and got caught, tried and was found guilty) *First Cabinet member to be convicted of a felony while holding office

Teapot Dome Scandal

Warren G. Harding’s Death “I have no trouble with my enemies…but my friends, they are the ones that keep me walking the floors at night!” died of a heart attack Vice President _________________took over… (Boston Police Strike) Main agenda: hopefully to get the _________________ past the scandal!

Assignment (A) List 10 significant events from these slides and show their impact on Postwar American culture EventImpact