Conservation Biology Photo from Greg Dimijian

Image from Wikipedia K/T (Cretaceous-Tertiary) Mass Extinction ~ 65 m.y.a.; Ended the reign of the dinosaurs P/Tr (Permain-Triassic) Mass Extinction ~ 251 m.y.a.; ~ 96% of all marine species & ~ 70% of all terrestrial species Current mass extinction could result in ~ 50% of species going extinct in 100 years (Wilson 2002) ? Extinction in the Geologic Record

Image of Passenger Pigeon (extinct North American bird, once found in Louisiana) from Wikipedia “Martha” – the last living passenger pigeon – died on Sept. 1, 1914 in captivity in Cincinnati, OH Historic Extinction – Conservation Biology is a “Crisis Discipline”

Photo from Wikipedia; For more information on HIPPO, see: E. O. Wilson (2002) The Future of Life H abitat destruction E. O. Wilson (b. 1929) I nvasive species P ollution Human P opulation O verexploitation Threats to Biodiversity

Photos of forest destruction in Brazil & Malaysia H IPPO Habitat Destruction & Degradation

Image from Discover Magazine, Jan-Feb 2010 Special Issue, “Top 100 Stories of 2009” – “#92: Nowhere to Hide from the Buzz of Civilization H IPPO Habitat Destruction & Degradation “An ever-expanding network of roads, railways, rivers, and shipping lanes means that only 10 percent of the earth’s surface is now remote, defined as being at least 48 hours away from a major city. More than half of the world‘s population lives within an hour of a major city…”

Kudzu Snakehead Walking catfish H I PPO Invasive Species

“Photoshopped” image of airplanes from HI P PO Pollution

NASA image from May 24, 2010 posted on Wikipedia HI P PO Pollution

A.D A.D A.D B.C B.C B.C B.C B.C B.C B.C. 1+ million years Old Stone Age New Stone Age Bronze Age Iron Age Middle Ages Modern Age Black Death—The Plague A.D A.D A.D ? Future Billions of People Image from the Population Reference Bureau © 2006 HIP P O Human Population “More people means more of all the other HIPPO effects” (Wilson, 2002)

Atlantic Cod HIPP O Overexploitation

HIPP O Overexploitation Parrots