3.2 – Classifying and Naming Organisms. The Classification of Organisms  Taxonomy The classification of living things.

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Presentation transcript:

3.2 – Classifying and Naming Organisms

The Classification of Organisms  Taxonomy The classification of living things

In the Past…  Aristotle put organisms into 2 large groups: Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Animalia  1866 – Ernst Haeckel Came up with 3 rd Kingdom (Protista) that was neither plant nor animal

Three Domains  Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya  Domains are based on cellular composition of organisms

Current Classification (See Handout)  6 Kingdoms: Archaea Bacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

Prokaryotes  Kingdom Archaea Single celled Live in extreme environments  Eg) deep sea vents  Kingdom Bacteria Single celled Prokaryotes Very diverse Wide range of habitats

Kingdom Protista  Unicellular or multicellular  Obtain food one of three ways: Photosynthesis Ingestion Decomposition  Includes algae

Kingdom Fungi  Decomposers Secrete enzymes to digest their substrate, then absorb nutrient molecules  Mushrooms, moulds, and yeasts

Kingdom Plantae  Organisms that photosynthesize to make their own food  Have specialized cells to carry out life functions  Mosses, ferns, coniferous trees, flowering plants

Kingdom Animalia  Ingest food  Motile (able to move on their own)  Complex, specialized cells  Insects, Mammals, Birds

Levels of Classification  Domain Kingdom  Phylum Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species  Danish King Philip Came Over For Green Spinach

Naming  Use the Linnean system with Genus and Species names Eg.) Lynx rufus (bobcat) Latin or Greek  World wide naming system allows people from around the world to understand each other

Dichotomous Keys  Multi-step identification keys Two choices at each step Moves from general to more specific

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