Knighthood Subtitle
Post Roman Europe Invading groups threaten common settlements – Vikings, Magyars, Muslims Raid quickly, before defenses can be mustered Kings controlled most land but people did not obey/serve Feudalism will be the result
Collapse of Rome = Middle Ages 1.Disruption of Trade – Invasions on routes 2.Downfall of Cities – cities abandoned 3.Population Shift – left cities for rural 4.Decline of Learning – low literacy 5.Lack of Common Language – Vernacular vs. Latin 6.Concept of Govt. changed – less loyalty to law and leader
Assignment You are to create a comic strip that shows the major events that changed Western Europe from the Roman Empire to a Feudal society Should be at least 6 scenes long
Feudalism Feudalism – system of governance based on obligations of loyalty/service Who was involved? How did it work? Lord/landowner – grants fiefs or lands in exchange for military service... Vassals receive land and serve the lord Knights – warriors who fought for lords in return for land Feudalism is based on land
Feudal Pyramid
WHAT CARD ARE YOU? KING CARDS EVERYONE WANTS TO BE FRIENDS QUEEN WITH. THEY ARE ONLY FRIENDS WITH ONE ANOTHER. JACK & 10’S ARE CARDS THAT ARE GOOD TO BE FRIENDS WITH. CARDS YOU SHOULD BE NICE TO, UNLESS YOU ARE ABOVE THEM. 9’S,8’S,7’S ARE CARDS THAT ARE AVERAGE. THEY ARE NEITHER LIKEABLE NOR DISLIKEABLE. 6’S, 5’S, 4’S THESE ARE THE CARDS YOU DO NOT 3’S, 2’S, ACES WANT TO BE FRIENDS WITH. THERE IS NO NEED TO BE NICE TO THESE CARDS.
Manors Links nobles and peasants Warfare limits trade – manor provides the essentials Peasant life: Serfs were peasants that couldn’t own land – inherited status Tied to the land – Harsh: few live beyond 40 – Dangers: Famine, disease and injury
What are the qualities of a Knight Knights were military servants of a lord Received land in exchange for skills of war Competed in tournaments to earn fame, money, more influence Followed a code of Chivalry Respectful, poetic,
Monty Python 3 – 2 – ways that the knight was accurately portrayed 2 – examples of feudalism 1 – major inaccuracy -DennisDennis -Black Knight -Rabbit -Holy HG
Japanese Feudalism Comparisons
Origins of Japanese Feudalism Shinto – religions based on spiritual devotion to nature spirits Buddhist virtues are added to culture Powerful landowners and warlords challenge the authority of the emperor – Offer farmers protection under private armies – Just like Europe!
Service Rival warlords needed bodyguards (Samurai) “one who serves” Follow the warriors code “Bushido” – Fearless, reverence to god, generosity to poor – Honorable death was better than long life
Order Shogun – “supreme general” strongest warlord who had a near dictatorship Daimyo – strong warlords (knight/shogun)
Emperor Daimyo Samurai Artisans, Peasants, Merchants
Gothic Fly Buttress
Crusades Goals: – Defend Constantinople & Palestine from Muslims – Reunite West and East – Gain Christian control for Jerusalem Other factors – Job for knights – Loans/business grows (supplies, weapons)
Crusade Objectives 1 st : French and other Europeans besiege Jerusalem in 1099 (Only clear victory) 3 rd : Jerusalem falls to Saladin – Richard the Lionhearted (Eng) leads buts is kidnapped on return – Ransom breaks England (King John) (Robin hood)
Why Christians Joined Forgiveness of sins (Golden Ticket) Loyalty to king/lord Adventure/wealth
Results of the Crusades Illustrated the power of the Church – Pope’s influence declines – Increased religious persecution Merchants became wealthy – New ideas, products... Lord/Knight weaken & Kings grow in power Thousands left home and traveled to new land Left Women and others to higher positions in society
Plague Disease that spread from Asia via trade routes Italian traders move it through Europe Some cities forbade foreigners – The word quarantine comes from giorni, ships had to wait 40 days to dock… Some areas lost 75% of population
Ring around the Posy Ring around the Rosy = hemorrhage in the skin (buboes) Pocket full of posies = herbs/flowers to stop the bad smell Ashes...we all fall down = death/cremation
Effects of the Plague Population fall (centuries to recover) Trade decline (high prices) Serfs runaway Peasants revolt against lords – High demand but low wages still… Jews blamed – persecuted Doubt in religion – Warfare follows too!