WOODROW WILSON & NEW FREEDOM IN ACTION 1912-1916 Objective: To understand Wilson’s progressivism by looking at legislation passed during his first administration.

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Presentation transcript:

WOODROW WILSON & NEW FREEDOM IN ACTION Objective: To understand Wilson’s progressivism by looking at legislation passed during his first administration

ELECTION OF 1912 BULLMOOSE CANDIDACY: TR & NEW NATIONALISM- STRENGTHEN GOV’T REPUBLICANS: TAFT DEMOCRATS: WILSON - NEW FREEDOM- RESTORE COMPETITION/ FREE MARKET & SMALLER FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 1 ST PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARIES DEMS TOOK BOTH HOUSES REPUBLICANS SPLIT BETWEEN OLD GUARD (TAFT) & PROGRESSIVE WING (TR) SOCIALIST DEBS 4X AS MANY VOTES AS 1908 – GROWING INFLUENCE ISSUES FOR WW: FREE MARKET, COMPETITION, ENTREPRENUERSHIP, SMALL BUSINESS NOT MONOPOLIES READY TO USE GOVERNMNET TO ADDRESS PROBLEMS OF NEW CORPORATE ORDER

LEGISLATIVE WINDFALL UNDERWOOD TARIFF 1913 – 1 ST RE- DUCTION SINCE 1860: 15% & INCOME TAX PART OF TARIFF GRADUATED INCOME TAX 16 TH AMEND. DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS: 17 TH FEDERAL RESERVE ACT 1913: SOUND & FLEXIBLE CURRENCY, GREATEST LEG. ACHIEVEMENT: PREVENT PANIC, PROMOTE ECO. GROWTH & DAMPEN INFLATIONARY PRESSURES FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION WATCHDOG AGENCY, NEW NATION- ALISM IDEA OF TR’S CLAYTON ANTITRUST ACT 1914: NO INTERLOCKING DIRECTORATES, UNIONS NOT RESTRAINING TRADE, & OTHER PRACTICES MADE ILLEGAL NEARLY 100 SUITS FILED, GOVERN- MENT NEEDED PERMANENT CHECK OF ABUSES OF BIG BUSINESS NEW FREEDOM COMPLETED

PROGRESSIVES DISAPPOINTED LITTLE PROGRESS FOR MINORITIES; PROGRESSIVES EXCLUSIONARY LOST SUPPORT LOUIS BRANDEIS – 1 ST JEWISH SC JUSTICE 1916 FEDERAL FARM LOAN ACT 1916: CREATED FEDERAL FARM LOAN BOARD TO GIVE FARMERS CREDIT FEDERAL AID ROAD ACT 1916; AID TO URBAN & RURAL AREAS FOR IMPROVED TRANSPORTATION. 1 ST FEDERAL HIGHWAY FUNDING LAW KEATING OWEN ACT 1916: FED. REG- ULATION OF COMMERCE IN GOODS MFG. BY KIDS UNDER 14 ADAMSON ACT 1916: 8 HOUR DAY FOR RR WORKERS FEDERAL WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION ACT 1916: federal civil service employees paid for wages lost due to job-related injuries NO AMENDMENTFOR WOMEN HAMMER V. DAGENHART 1918 KEATING OWEN UNCONSTITUTIONAL O.W. HOLMES FOR THE DISSENT& OVERTURNED 1941 US V. DARBY LUMBER CO.