Notes taken from Gillette’s Designing with Light

 What’s the purpose?  Enhance the visual texture  Can provide depth  Can add a sense of surrealism  Can replace or compliment scenery

 Opaque object placed in the path of a light source  Like shadow puppets in a beam of light  Colored transparent objects can add color

 Projection source determines sharpness  Ideal source is small and dimmable  Smaller the filament the sharper the image  Large scale projections  500, 750, 1000W 120V Tungsten-Halogen Lamp  Small scale projections – under 6 feet wide  Single filament 12V Lamp

 Distance between slide and projection surface also determines sharpness  Closer the slide to the screen the sharper the image  Closer to the lamp the fuzzier the image

 Aerial Perspective  Objects farther away less in focus and less fully saturated in color  Multiplane Projector – requires large slides to be clear

 Linnebach Projector  Developed by Adolph Linnebach  Box with glass slide on front painted with transparent inks  Inside painted matte black to eliminate reflected light  Use 1000W FEL lamp

 Can also remove lens from fresnel and insert a slide  Small scale  Soft focus

 Lens controls the focus and size of the image

 Scenic Projector  3 basic components 1. Lamp Housing  High intensity lamp W  Often have fan to dissipate heat

 Scenic Projector  3 basic components 2. Optical Train  Reflector  Heat filter – dichroic reflect heat and lets light pass  Condensing Lenses – focus light onto slide aperture  Slide Plane Aperture – where slide is placed  Objective Lens – focus slide onto projection surface  Some projectors have several heads which holds lenses in fixed positions to project images of a specific size

 Scenic Projector  3 basic components 3. Slide  Painted glass slide  Photographic transparency sandwiched between two slides

 Effects head  Motor driven unit capable of creating effects

 Slide Projector  35mm slides (2”X2”)  Designed for audiovisual purpose  Lamp not as bright as a scenic projector

 Computer Projectors  Digital projections  Standard of theatre projection  Still slides or video  Front or rear screen projection

 Front-Screen Material  Projector in front of screen  Designed to reflect light  Low-cost screen could be anything smooth and white or gray

 Rear-Screen Material  Projector behind screen  Eliminates actor shadows on screen  Can create a hot spot (small intensely bright circle of light) if within the audiences sightlines  Commercial rear-screen materials can eliminate hot spot

 A thin metal template inserted into an ellipsoidal reflector spotlight to project a shadow or pattern of light  Stainless steel, aluminium, dichroic glass  Shop built or Commercially available  Half-tone

 Results when light from one side of the image has to travel farther than the light from the other side of the slide  Projector perpendicular to the projection surface eliminates keystoning