Sealing the Engine Walla Walla Community College Automotive Technology

Objectives b Identify Gaskets and Seals, sealants b Properly install common gaskets including cylinder head and valve cover gaskets. b Properly install typical lip seals b Identify proper gaskets and seals b Use sealants properly

Introduction b Causes of leakage Worn or damaged sealsWorn or damaged seals GasketsGaskets b Threaded holes can be damaged from; Improper torquingImproper torquing CorrosionCorrosion

Clean Mating Surface b All foreign material must be removed. b Use gasket remover if necessary. b Use wire brush on steel and iron surfaces b Use non-metallic scraper on aluminum surfaces

Gasket Installation b Follow Instructions b Thoroughly clean the mating surface. b Match to old gasket b Check for proper fit Compare old gasket against new.Compare old gasket against new. Make sure all ports line up properlyMake sure all ports line up properly b Never reuse gaskets!

Cylinder Head Gasket b Must be capable of withstanding tremendous heat and pressure 1000 psi in gasoline engines1000 psi in gasoline engines 2700 psi in diesel engines2700 psi in diesel engines b Follow gasket makers instructions on whether or not to use sealant. b What type of sealant and how much? b Run thread chaser in bolt holes.

No Retorque Head Gasket Type 1 This style resists blowout and maintains torque

No Retorque Head Gasket Type 2 Graphite and reinforced rubber fiber facing materials

Head and Block surface finishes b Surfaces must be correct finish to allow the gasket to grip the surface. b Check surfaces with surface comparator. A micro inch finish of 60 to 100 RA for cast ironA micro inch finish of 60 to 100 RA for cast iron A 50 to 60 RA for aluminumA 50 to 60 RA for aluminum A 30 RA for multi-layer steel gasketsA 30 RA for multi-layer steel gaskets

Re-Torque Style Head Gaskets b Some overseas imports use re-torque style gaskets b If you need to re-torque Engine at normal temperature (10-15 minutes)Engine at normal temperature (10-15 minutes) Shut engine offShut engine off Carefully torque gasket a second timeCarefully torque gasket a second time Follow sequenceFollow sequence b If aluminum, allow to cool to room temp.

Valve Cover Gaskets b Check cover flanges for straightness. b Use load spreaders when available. b Use sealants only when necessary and not too much.

Seal Installation b Install with lip (and garter spring) towards liquid. b Lubricate lip before installation b Use sealants on the outside of steel seals. b Use a seal installer.

Using Sealants b Use proper sealant for application b Do not use sealants unless specified in service manual or by gasket manufacturer. b Types of sealants Hard DryingHard Drying Aerobic (RTV)Aerobic (RTV) AnaerobicAnaerobic

RTV Sealer

One Piece Splash Pan / Gasket