Chapter 19 Study Notes: The Ocean Basins

Chapter 19 Section 1 The Water Planet

1 Earth’s oceans cover about ______ th’s of Earth’s _______. Earth’s oceans cover about ______ th’s of Earth’s _______. ¾ th’s surface

2 Of all the water on Earth, ____ is found in the _______. Of all the water on Earth, ____ is found in the _______. 97% oceans

3 The _______ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______. The _______ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______. deepest Pacific

4 A large body of saline water that may be __________ by land is a _____. A large body of saline water that may be __________ by land is a _____. surroundedsea

5 _________ _____, ______, and ____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean. _________ _____, ______, and ____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean. Drilling shipssonar bathyscaphs

6 A piece of sediment collected by drilling is a ____ ______. A piece of sediment collected by drilling is a ____ ______. coresample

7 Scientists use ______ to calculate the ______ of the ocean floor. Scientists use ______ to calculate the ______ of the ocean floor. sonar depth

8 _______ stands for “SOund _______ And Ranging”. _______ stands for “SOund _______ And Ranging”. SONARNavigation

9 The first step in a ______ transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. The first step in a ______ transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. sonar sound

10 _______ uses sound waves to measure the sea floor. _______ uses sound waves to measure the sea floor. Sonar

11 To see the bottom of the ocean for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a ___________ To see the bottom of the ocean for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a ___________ bathysphere

Chapter 19 Section 2 Features of the Ocean Floor

12 Continental _________ are made up of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. Continental _________ are made up of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. margins

13 A ________ ______ is part of the continental margin. A ________ ______ is part of the continental margin. continental shelf

14 The continental ____ has a ______ slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it. The continental ____ has a ______ slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it. shelf gentle

15 _________ from turbidity currents creates ________ canyons and the continental rise. _________ from turbidity currents creates ________ canyons and the continental rise. Erosion submarine

16 _________ from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of ________ _________. _________ from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of ________ _________. Sediments turbiditycurrents

17 The _________ ________ is best known for its depth. The _________ ________ is best known for its depth. Mariana Trench

18 The _______ place in Earth’s crust is a _________. The _______ place in Earth’s crust is a _________. deepest trench

19 __________ plate boundaries cause deep ocean _______. __________ plate boundaries cause deep ocean _______. Convergent trenches

20 The _______ regions on Earth are __________ plains. The _______ regions on Earth are __________ plains. flattest abyssal

21 Ocean sediments are _______ on the _______ plains. Ocean sediments are _______ on the _______ plains. thinnest abyssal

22 A _______ is made up of minerals. A _______ is made up of minerals.nodule

23 Most _____-______ ridges form _______ sea level. Most _____-______ ridges form _______ sea level. midocean below

24 The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. mid ocean above

25 ________ are most likely to form in _____ _______. ________ are most likely to form in _____ _______. Seamounts hot spots

In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following: In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following:

continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, trench, mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plain