Lab 1 – Measurement and Microscopy

Welcome to Lab!  Be sure to familiarize yourself with safety procedures ○ Where does broken glass go? ○ What goes in the biohazard? ○ Etc.  Be sure to wear closed-toed shoes to lab everytime!

Properly reading Graduated Cylinder  Always use graduated cylinder to measure volume Do not use a beaker!

Metric System  Conversions are in units of ten  Universal – used in all of the sciences

Metric System  Used in measurements of: Length – Meter Weight – Gram Volume – Liter Temperature – Celsius °C = (°F – 32°)/1.8

Important Equations to Know  Area of a block = Length x width  Volume of a block = Length x width x height ○ 1cm 3 (cc) = 1ml  Density = Mass/Volume  Displacement volume = Total volume (after object) – Original volume (before object)  Temperature conversions: °C = (°F – 32°)/1.8

Practice Problems cm = ______mm cm and 1 mm = ______mm mm = _____cm m = _____cm km = _____m cm = _____m m = ______km g = _____mg g = _____mg mg = _____g g = _____kg 4. 8 L = _____ml L = _____ml ml = _____L ml = _____L

Practice Problem Answers mm mm cm cm m m 7. 8 km mg ,000 mg 2. 4 g 3. 3 kg ml ml L L

Microscopy  Light Microscope Binocular dissecting microscope Compound light microscope  Electron Microscope Transmission Electron Microscope ○ Thin slices of specimen Scanning Electron Microscope ○ Image of surface of specimen

The Objective Lenses  Scanning Objective (4x) Red color band, smallest one  Low-power objective (10x) Yellow color band  High-power objective (40x) Blue color band  Oil Immersion objective (100x) Gray color band Only use with oil! Have to carefully clean oil off afterwards!!!!!

Magnification  Magnification = ocular x objective Ocular lense is usually 10 Examples: ○ Under 4x objective – magnification of specimen is 40 x ○ Under 10x objective – magnification of specimen is 100x ○ Under 40x objective – magnification of specimen is 400x

Microscopy  Using the Microscope Find the microscope # assigned to you in the cabinet Carry the microscope with BOTH hands back to the lab bench Plug it in, turn on light Place slide on stage Always view specimen on lowest power first! ○ Focus and center Switch to higher power ○ Focus and center, etc.  When done: Switch lens to lowest power!! Take slide off Clean lens with only lens paper Turn light off Unplug wrap cord around base Place back in cabinet

Things to Remember  Be careful with Microscope  Never turn head around!  Always clean lenses with lense paper In your drawer  You can clean slides with Kimwipes  Always put slides back in slide box in numerical order!!!!!

 Learn parts of the compound microscope that we will use  Learn how to make a wet mount Refer to Figure 2.9  Metric System Be comfortable with measurements and know how to do conversions!