Family Life Cultural universal
Gender Roles Male – normal behavior for men Female – normal behavior for women Sometimes 3 rd gender Ex: Hijras of India Ex: Transgender
Division of labor MenWomen
Family gatherings and Marriage Ceremonies
Child TrainingRites of Passage
Economics Cultural universal
Technology ToolsWeapons
Jobs How people make a living
Division of Labor Rich and powerful Poor or less status
Trade and Money Bartering or exchange system Economically driven (symbolic currency)
Food, clothing, shelter, transportation Cultural universal
Food: What they ate and how it was prepared
Clothing Everyday and ceremonial wear
Dwellings: houses and shelter
Transportation
Communication
Language
Number System
Government
Rules and Laws that govern Official rules Social Norms
Who makes and enforces laws Community Chief Dictator
How do the people resolve conflicts Penal system (punishment) Restitutive System
How is the government organized Hunter-gatherer Pastoral Horticultural Agricultural Feudal Industrial Post-industrial
Arts and Recreation Cultural Universals
Literature, arts, music, dance Dance – Dance Music- Music
Arts and literature Art Literature
Leisure time
Games of children and adults
Belief Systems Cultural Universals
Religious beliefs and practices Prayer Prayer
Rituals Birth Batism Baby showers Naming ceremonies Death Funerals Mourning ceremonies Wake Disposal of dead
Creation stories Monotheistic Christian Islamic Jewish Polytheistic Native American Native American Mayan Mayan Hindu
Myths
Rights and wrongs
What did the people value
Education Cultural Universals
Knowledge needed for survival
Knowledge valued by group
How children learn their culture Formal School Apprenticeship Informal TV Magazines Storytelling Peers