Unit 2: The Second World War and the Americas (1933–1945) Bullet 5: Reasons for, and significance of, US use of atomic weapons against Japan.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
■Essential Question ■Essential Question: –What role did the U.S. play in winning the wars in Europe & the Pacific?
Advertisements

SWBAT: identify the reasons for and against dropping the atomic bomb.
World War II,  D-Day (June 6, 1944)  “Operation Overlord”  Allied invasion of France at Normandy (opens a 2 nd front)  High casualties.
The Atomic Bomb. What do you know about the atomic bomb? Why should you care about the atomic bomb?
Nuclear Bombs Atomic, Hydrogen, and Neutron Atomic Bomb Manhattan Project (1939 to 1945) – Robert Oppenheimer – Response to Nazi Germany Atomic bomb.
The Need to develop an A-bomb In 1939, the Nazis were rumored to be developing an atomic bomb. The United States initiated its own program under the Army.
When the U.S. entered WW2 in late 1941, victory seemed remote Germany controlled almost all of Europe Axis armies controlled Northern Africa & threatened.
Tommy Gaffney James Haber Aaron Nunez. Background  European scientists came to America  They asked Roosevelt for money to fund nuclear research  Told.
Atomic Bomb Iwo Jima and Okinawa opened the way for an invasion of Japan. Iwo Jima and Okinawa opened the way for an invasion of Japan. It was estimated.
The Factors in the Decision to Drop the Bomb 1. Military 2. Potsdam 3. Japanese Unconditional Surrender 4. Alternatives.
■ Essential Question: – What role did the United States play in fighting in the Pacific during World War II?
The Dropping of The Atomic Bomb at Hiroshima and Nagasaki
America At War U.S. In World War II.
World War II. America at War Pearl Harbor ► December 7th, 1941: Japanese Naval forces led a surprise attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
Bell Quiz (Pgs. 583 – 587) 1. Where was the first atomic bomb tested? 2. When did President Truman order the military to make final plans for dropping.
Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb 1) Identify the Atomic Bomb and explain why the US felt it was necessary to build? 2) Identify the 2 cities the Atomic.
Unit 5: From Isolation to World War AH.HI.F23 Notes.
The Manhattan Project A look at Project Management’s Origins Presented by Team Awesome.
Potsdam and the Decision to Drop the Bomb
What was the significance of dropping the atomic bomb, then and now?
The Allied Victory How do the Allies defeat the Axis Powers?
■ Essential Question: – What role did the United States play in fighting in the Pacific during World War II? ■ CPUSH Agenda for Unit 11.5: – “Fighting.
AIM: Why did the US drop the atomic bomb on Japan?
Warm Up Describe the Japanese military defense of Okinawa & Iwo Jima.
Planning for the Defeat of Japan
Jake Peter Sonya.  The Manhattan Project was the United State’s project created to design an atomic bomb to use to end the war before the axis; mainly.
Harry S. Truman & The Atomic Bomb
Use of Atomic Bomb Victory in Japan. After Iwo Jima… Allies are very close to victory in the Pacific Captured most major islands Iwo Jima, Okinawa, others.
Getting to California Manhattan Project – Secret government project which began in 1941 towards the construction of a nuclear weapon that was completed.
Chapter 14 Section 5: The War Ends. Warm-Up Name all the times war on two fronts was used during WWII – What is the point? – Be complete.
The Manhattan Project. Overview  Program to develop atomic weapons Code Named: The Manhattan Project  Began December 1941 & ended in 1946  Was discreet.
 Operation Overlord- Allied invasion of France. Also called D-Day. Within a month 1 million Allied troops were stationed in Europe. Within a month 1.
DCFU Wednesday: What was the battle of Midway? Why was it seen as a turning point of the war in the Pacific?
Chapter 17 Section 3 The War in the Pacific. Waging 2 wars at once… While defeating the Nazis was priority 1 for the Allies, they did not wait until V-E.
The Dropping of The Atomic Bomb at Hiroshima and Nagasaki Charles C. and Ben S. Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY The atom bomb was no great decision. It.
End of WWII and its Aftermath. Allies Advancing in the Pacific Although the war in Europe was over, the Allies were still fighting that Japanese in the.
The Atomic Bomb End of the War. FDR to Truman Roosevelt did not live to see the final battles of the Pacific war (died of a stroke o April 12, 1945) Harry.
Mr. Deemer Modern US History. On April 12, 1945, President Franklin D. Roosevelt died from complications following a massive stroke.
WWII: The Atomic Bomb.
Endgame and the Atomic Bomb
World War II in the Pacific
The Atomic Bomb & The Nuclear Age
What was the US plan for ending the Pacific War?
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
War in East & Atomic Bomb
NOTES-CHECK #s 26 – 30 LAST FRIDAY
Why was there conflict between Russia and the US?
What was the US plan for ending the Pacific War?
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
Victory in Europe and the Pacific
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
While the war was coming to an end in Europe, the Allies continued to fight the Japanese in the Pacific.
The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
How do the Allies defeat the Axis Powers?
While the war was coming to an end in Europe, the Allies continued to fight the Japanese in the Pacific.
While the war was coming to an end in Europe, the Allies continued to fight the Japanese in the Pacific.
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
What battle was Hitler’s last attempt to defeat the Allies?
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
A look at Project Management’s Origins
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
While the war was coming to an end in Europe, the Allies continued to fight the Japanese in the Pacific.
Outcome: The Atom Bombs and the Decision to Use Them
While the war was coming to an end in Europe, the Allies continued to fight the Japanese in the Pacific.
Journal Question What feelings does this video elicit? What words go through your mind?
WWII: End of War. WWII: End of War How to Defeat Hitler 1943, the Big Three - Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met in Tehran to discuss defeating Germany.
Presentation transcript:

Unit 2: The Second World War and the Americas (1933–1945) Bullet 5: Reasons for, and significance of, US use of atomic weapons against Japan

The Dropping of The Atomic Bomb at Hiroshima and Nagasaki “The atom bomb was no great decision. It was merely another powerful weapon in the arsenal of righteousness.” ~ Harry S. Truman (POTUS) 1

Nuclear Programs: Germany Germany started experimenting with Nuclear Fission in German scientist Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman bombarded Uranium with neutrons and discovered Barium atoms. Conclusion: Nuclear fission releases a massive amount of energy 2

No Bomb for the Germans June 1942 – German atomic program slows down because Germany felt victory in WWII was imminent. U.S. and Britain were not aware that the Germans decided not to build a bomb. Japan also had an atomic program but was not successful. If Germany and Japan had created an atomic bomb, it would be used against the Allies. 3

The Manhattan Project June 1942, atomic-bomb project was controlled by War Department's Army Corps of Engineers. American and European physicists discovered that the fission of uranium could a powerful weapon. Major General Leslie Groves named head of the project. At the height of construction in mid 1944, the Project employed nearly 129,000 people. No other nation in the world had the massive industrial capacity to make this possible. 4

Robert J. Oppenheimer Late in 1942, Gen. Groves chose physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer to head a new laboratory devoted to the designing atomic bombs. Oppenheimer recommended a remote site in New Mexico for the new facility, where many famous scientists could work together in complete secrecy. From a wealthy N.Y. Jewish family. Ties with Communism 5

The Manhattan Project Success Two atomic bombs were made, “Little Boy” and “Fat Man.” Scientists at Los Alamos were not fully confident in the “Fat Man” bomb. Bombs designed to create an accurate and symmetrical implosion. 6

Fat Man and Little Boy “Fat Man” “Little Boy” 7

Battle of Okinawa Known as “Typhoon of Steel” 8

Deciding to Drop the Bomb 9

1.Ending the war at the earliest possible moment 2.To justify the cost of the Manhattan Project 3.To frighten the Soviets 4.A lack of incentives not to use the bomb 5. Responding to Pearl Harbor 10

Ending the war at the earliest possible moment The primary objective for the U.S. was to win the war at the lowest possible cost. Specifically, Truman was looking for the most effective way to end the war quickly, not for a way to not use the bomb. - Allied prisoners of war were beaten, deliberately starved, tortured, worked to death and even experimented on with chemical & biological weapons by the Japanese. - Some were even crucified on trees and beheaded by their captors! 11

Ending the war at the earliest possible moment 12

To justify the cost of the Manhattan Project 14

To Frighten the Soviets At the Yalta Conference in March 1945, the big three agreed that there should be early free elections in Eastern European countries like Poland as soon as the war was over. RIP 15

To Frighten the Soviets By the time the big three met again at Potsdam on 23 rd July 1945, Stalin did not trust the Americans. He is trying to spread Communism! We have been attacked twice in less than 25 years! 16

A lack of incentives not to use the bomb By 1945, the bombing of civilians was already an established practice. 17

Responding to Pearl Harbor When a general raised objections to the use of the bombs, Truman responded by noting the atrocities of Pearl Harbor and said that “When you have to deal with a beast you have to treat him as a beast.” On 7 th December 1941, 2400 American servicemen, six battleships and ten other ships were destroyed during a surprise attack by the Japanese. 18

Alternatives to dropping the bomb 1. Intensifying conventional bombing and the naval Blockade 2. Allowing the Japanese to retain the Emperor 3. Waiting for the Soviet Union to enter the war 19

20

Formal Warning to Japan 21

22

1

Imperial Rescript on Surrender 23

Post-war Impact of Atomic Bomb Changed the very nature of war o Presented the possibility of annihilation of humankind 24

Post-war Impact of Atomic Bomb US held an atomic monopoly until 1949 o Huge US-USSR arms race followed o Eventually led to Mutually Assured Destruction (1967) 25

Post-war Impact of Atomic Bomb Nuclear weapons prove to not be a reasonable option in limited wars This seen in the Korean and Vietnam War 26