Supervolcanoes and calderas !. The Volcanic Explosivity Index- how big is a supereruption ? VEI- 5 Plinian, Mt St Helens VEI 3 Vulcanian Montserrat VEI.

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Presentation transcript:

Supervolcanoes and calderas !

The Volcanic Explosivity Index- how big is a supereruption ? VEI- 5 Plinian, Mt St Helens VEI 3 Vulcanian Montserrat VEI 1 Hawaiian

VEI 6 Ultra-plinian Mt Pinnatubo

VEI 8 Imagine 100 Pinnatubos erupting at the same time

Supervolcanoes and calderas ! Caldera - created from large, explosive eruptions of felsic pyroclastic material. The caldera is created when the roof of the magma chamber collapses. Can be 10’s km’s across Different from a crater E.g., Yellowstone, WY, 1 m.y.

Huge caldera, so big it could only be seen from space

Supervolcano !

Why are supervolcano eruptions so big ? A) There is a higher % of gas in the magma B) The collapsing magma chamber roof helps the eruption C) The magma is more viscous D) A large volume of magma was ready to erupt E) Eruptions occur simultaneously from a ring of vents.

Which type of volcano would you rather live beside and why? Cinder cone Stratocolcano(composite) Sheild volcano Supervolcano with caldera