ICM Vital recordings

V ITALS Pulse Respiration Temperature Blood pressure Also includes Height Weight BMI

T YPES Biceps Reflex Triceps Reflex Brachioradialis Reflex Patellar Reflex Achillis Tendon Reflex

A DDITIONAL VITALS Pain scale Pulse oximetry Glascow coma scale Blood glucose level

W HAT IS PULSE ? Pressure wave travelling along the wall of the blood vessel. It usually mirrors the systolic contraction of the heart and the blood circulation. Types Central vs peripheral Arterial vs Venous Eg. Radial pulse, jugular pulse, carotid pulse

C HARACTERISTICS OF A PERIPERAL PULSE. Rate Expressed as per minute. Rhythm Regular or Irregular Volume Low, normal or high volume

W HAT IS NORMAL RANGE Depends on the age, physiological state of the body. It also depends on Activity level Fitness level Air temperature Body position (standing up or lying down, for example) Emotions Body size Medications

R ANGE ( PULSE / HEART RATE ) In infant /min Above 12 years /min Anything >100/min is tacycardia and <60/min is bradycardia

W HERE AND HOW TO RECORD ? Most common radial artery Using your middle (long) and index (pointer) fingers, gently feel for the radial artery inside your wrist. You will feel the radial pulse beating when you find it. Do not use your thumb to take the pulse because it has a pulse of its own.

B ODY TEMPERATURE Human are homeothermic. Temperature maintaince very important for the functioning of the human body. It is under the control of the hypothalamus

R ANGE Normal body temperarture varies for an individual depending on how it measured Normal oral temp is 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) Normal rectal temp.4 °C more than oral temperature and closely reflects body core temperature

Temperature variations More than 99.9 °F/ 37.7 °C is fever. More than 104 °F/ 40 °C is hyperpyrexia. Less than 95 °F/ 35 °C is hypothermia.

RESPIRATION Number of breathes taken by an individual in 1 minute is called respiratory rate. It varies depending on the physiological state of the person

N ORMAL R ANGE Adult it is 12-20/min Infant 30-60/min

T YPES OF RESPIRATION Apnea Cessation of breathing Bradyapnea Respiratory rate <12/min in adult Tachypnea Respiratory rate >20/min in adult Dyspnea Difficulty in breathing Orthopnea Difficulty in breathing while lying down. Platyapnea Difficulty in breathing while sitting or standing.

B LOOD PRESSURE It is the lateral pressure exerted by the blood on the arterial wall. Contains two readings – And expressed as Systolic reading/Diastolic reading mm of Hg

RANGE

K OROTKOFF SOUNDS The first Korotkoff sound is the snapping sound first heard at the systolic pressure. The second sounds are the murmurs. The third sound was described as a loud, crisp tapping sound. The fourth sound, "thumping" and "muting". The fifth Korotkoff sound is silent

H OW TO RECORD B LOOD PRESSURE

BMI The body mass index ( BMI ) is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of an individual.massweight BMI is currently the best available anthropometric estimate of fatness for public health purposes.

BMI FORMULA (M ETRIC )

BMI FORMULA (I MPERIAL )

BMI VS BSA BSA (body surface area) In physiology and medicine, the body surface area (BSA) is the measured or calculated surface area of a human body. For many clinical purposes BSA is a better indicator of metabolic mass than body weight because it is less affected by abnormal adipose mass.physiologymedicine surface areahuman body

BSA FORMULA