Study Notes for Chapter 1 Introduction to Earth Science

Chapter 1 Section 1 What is Earth Science

1 Earth science assumes that the causes of _________ phenomena can be understood through careful __________. –natural –observation

2 The Maya created accurate _________ based on observations of the ______, moon, and planets. –calendars –sun

3 _______ _________ is the scientific study of Earth and its universe. –Earth science

4 Earth science is the scientific study of Earth and the ___________ that surrounds Earth. –universe

5 The four main branches of Earth science are ________, oceanography, astronomy, and meteorology. –geology

6 _________ is the scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth. –Geology

7 __________________ is the scientific study of Earth’s oceans. –oceanography

8 _____________ is the scientific study of Earth’s atmosphere. –Meteorology

9 The study of _________ involves the study of climate. –meteorology

10 ____________ is the scientific study of the universe beyond Earth. –Astronomy

11 Earth scientists help us better understand the world around us by studying how natural _______ shape our____________. –forces –environment

12 By understanding how natural forces affect the environment, _________ scientists can better predict natural _________. –Earth –disasters

Chapter 1 Section 2 Science as a Process

13 Science exists to explain _________ phenomena. –natural

14 An ____________ is the process of using the senses to obtain information. –observation

15 A _________________ is an explanation based on observations. –hypothesis

16 An ____________ variable is a factor that is manipulated. –independent

17 A __________ variable is a factor that changes as a result of manipulating other factors. –dependent

18 The process of evaluating research before publication is called ______ ________. –peer review

19 A __________ is an explanation of a phenomenon that reaches general acceptance. –theory

20 An idea that has been tested repeatedly and gains acceptance is called a _________. –theory

21 Scientific ________ are often based on scientific laws. –theories

22 Space exploration technology has been used to improve _________, cars, and medical equipment. –computers

23 Science impacts society by creating new ________ that benefits society but may cause problems. –technology

The End