Warm-Up Give each creature a name based on its body structure / traits. Make sure it is in proper Genus species format. Be creative. Use the numbered lines.

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Presentation transcript:

Warm-Up Give each creature a name based on its body structure / traits. Make sure it is in proper Genus species format. Be creative. Use the numbered lines on your notesheet. For example: #1= Dragonus flyus

Cladistics PHYLOGENY: Evolutionary history of a species CLADISTICS: system of taxonomy that reconstructs phylogenies. (determines the sequence in which different groups of organisms evolved)

Making a Cladogram Derived characteristics PlantsSeedsVascular system HorsetailsNoYes LiverwortsNo Pine treesYes

Making a Cladogram 1.Identify the out-group. Liverworts 2.Name the least common derived trait Seeds 3.List the order in which the in the table would be placed on a cladogram Liverworts – Horsetails – Pine trees

Making a Cladogram

Biological species SPECIES: Group of interbreeding organisms that reproduce. Produce fertile offspring. HYBRID: When different species interbreed & produce non fertile offspring.

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Dichotomous Key DICHOTOMOUS KEYS: are tools used by scientists to identify specific names of natural objects, such as trees, ferns, wildflowers or insects.

Dichotomous means "divided into TWO parts", so there are always TWO choices in a step to identification, usually in the form of YES OR NO

Rules for using dichotomous keys Always read BOTH choices, even if the first seems to be the logical one at first. Be sure you understand the meaning of the terms involved. DO NOT GUESS. If the choice is not clear, for whatever reason, try BOTH DIVISIONS. If you end up with two possible answers, read descriptions of the two choices to help you decide.

DICHOTOMOUS KEY EXAMPLE 1AObject has only straight lines, go to 2 1BObject has curved line, go to 4 2AColor is blue-- Azul calamus 2BColor is not blue, go to 3 3AObject has four equal sides--Quadratis rufus 3BOpposite sides of object are equal-- Rectangulo crudus 4AObject has one continuous curving line, go to 5 4BObject has curved and straight lines--Azul undo 5AObject is red--Ovalado rufus 5BObject is green--Orbis crudus