VISION: A nation housed in sustainable human settlements MISSION: To facilitate an environment that provides sustainable Human Settlements. Select Committee on Public Services Human Settlements Created Since 1994 Mr. T. Zulu : Director-General 13 November 2012

Presentation Overview The presentation will cover the following: Background and mandate of the Department Housing backlog (Need for adequate housing) Investment in human settlements (Grant funding) Delivery of houses / units Gender responsive housing Assistance to vulnerable groups – persons with disabilities Areas of human settlement creation: Urban and rural Conclusion 2

Mandate of the Dept of Human Settlements The right to adequate housing is entrenched in the Constitution (Act 106 of 1996); Section 26 of the Constitution reads as follows: (1) Everyone has the right to have access to adequate housing (2) The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of this right The Housing Act 107 of 1997 established the mandate of the Department: the “facilitation of a sustainable housing development process” that would ensure access to adequate shelter for citizens. 3

Background Housing Backlog The 1994 White Paper: A New Housing Policy and Strategy for South Africa observed that housing the nation is “one of the greatest challenges facing the Government of National Unity”; This government started the current housing programme in 1994 with a massive backlog of households that did not have access to adequate shelter; The White Paper also noted that the housing backlog (in 1995) is estimated to be 1.5 million units (urban informal households). This exclude the 1.6 million households living in informal or traditional housing in rural areas. 4

Background Housing backlog Using the current NDHS backlog estimation methodology (Using Statistics SA dwelling type and takes into account all shacks in backyards, all shacks in informal settlements and 30% share of traditional dwellings), this would translate to an estimate of 2.03 million units needed to ensure access to adequate housing in Based on the Census 2011 released in Oct 2012, the same methodology generates an estimated 2.3 m ( actual) households in need of adequate housing for 2011/12. 5

Need for Adequate Shelter (NDHS Estimate 2011/12)

Need for Adequate Housing 7

Investment in Human Settlements The current housing programme started in 1994 with a grant funding for subsidised housing interventions of just over R2,6 billion, distributed to the nine provincial departments. By 2007/08 the allocation to Gauteng Province alone was almost R2,6 billion from the Human Settlement Development Grant total budget of R8,5 billion. The current 2012/13 HSDG stands at R15,7 billion; During the current financial year, the R100 billion expenditure mark from the HSDG was passed. 8

Grant Allocation since 1994 (R’000) 9

Delivery of Serviced Sites and Houses/Units The delivery of serviced sites (stands) and houses / units (top structures) across all housing programmes are the two main service delivery indicators for the Department of Human Settlements; Since 1994 to September 2012, a total of government-subsidised houses/units were delivered through the approved housing programmes. In addition, serviced sites were completed. By 1999, the 1 million units that were planned to be built were approved, and by March 2001, the target of 1 million subsidized houses was achieved – about 7 years after commencement of the housing programme. 10

Houses Delivered Since

Delivery of Housing By Dec 2006, Provincial departments reported that almost 2 million subsidized houses had built, the second million houses being achieved in about six years, 13 years into the programme since Currently the number of housing units delivered stand at 2,65 million units, excluding the serviced sites completed. Parallel to the building of houses the Discount Benefit scheme, was implemented to give full ownership to occupants of rental township houses built by the previous government. Over “old stock” houses were transferred to occupants from 1994 to

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Delivery of Serviced Sites and Houses/Units 14 YEARSERVICED SITESHOUSES/UNITSTOTAL HOUSING OPPORTUNITIES 1994/ , / , / , / , /99 12, , , / , /01 19, , , / , /03 82, , , /04 42, , , /05 87, , , /06 109, , , /07 117, , , /08 82, , , /09 68, , , /10 64, , , /11 63, , , /12 58, , , /13 15,689 45,048 60,737 (SEP 2012) TOTAL 825,341 2,659,308 3,484, /13 Delivery is to Sep 2012 and preliminary

Beneficiaries of Housing 15

Gender Responsive Housing Assistance From 1994 to Sep 2012, a total of beneficiaries were approved for state housing subsidies. 55,7% ( ) are female beneficiaries nationally; Gauteng with approvals has the highest number of female beneficiaries. KwaZulu-Natal with 61,3% proportion of female beneficiaries also recorded a female beneficiary proportion of higher than the national average, and the second highest number of female beneficiaries ( ) after Gauteng. Limpopo province registered the highest proportion of female applicants at 68% ( females) in relation to all its beneficiaries (total of ); 16 Data source: Housing Subsidy System Sep 2012

Gender Responsive Housing Assistance 17 PROVINCEFEMALE% FEMALEMALETOTAL EASTERN CAPE 174, % 130, ,607 FREE STATE 106, % 104, ,111 GAUTENG 293, % 262, ,017 KWAZULU-NATAL 276, % 174, ,780 LIMPOPO 160, % 75, ,549 MPUMALANGA 96, % 79, ,928 NORTHERN CAPE 26, % 28,941 55,066 NORTH WEST 143, % 117, ,600 WESTERN CAPE 130, % 145, ,511 Total 1,407, % 1,118,816 2,526,169 Data source: Housing Subsidy System Sep 2012

From 1994 to Sep 2012, provincial departments of human settlements approved housing subsidies for disabled beneficiaries, almost 51,6 % of whom were female beneficiaries with disabilities. Of the total number of beneficiaries, beneficiaries had walking disabilities (use of a walking aid (49.4%), use of a wheelchair- full time (43.8%) & use of a wheelchair - part time (6.8%)). Female beneficiaries made up 50.3% of those with walking disabilities. Housing Assistance to Persons with Disabilities Data source: Housing Subsidy System Sep 2012

19 Housing Assistance to Persons with Disabilities - Provincial Share

Housing Assistance to Persons with Walking Disabilities 20

Providing increased Levels of Comfort 21 Pronouncements have been made about the “small” size of subsidy houses that have been built. However, significant improvement of the size and thermal efficiency of houses has been made over the years.

Creation of New Towns and Settlements Through housing development and the creation of integrated human settlements, the geographical landscape of South Africa has been re-shaped. A significant portion of land that was in the hands of local and provincial authorities has been transferred to the poor. Vast expanses of privately held land has also been acquired, township establishment process undertaken and sites transferred as individual property to the previously landless. On average, 236 square metres of land have been provided to the housing beneficiary, with security of tenure. 22

Major investments in human settlement developed have been made in the metropolitan municipalities led by the City of Johannesburg and Ethekwini Metro and City of Cape Town, which are also the locations of high need for housing. Among the major human settlements created nationally are Cosmo City, Bramfischerville, Windmill Park, Doornkop ( incl. Luhereng), Chief A Luthuli Park, Thorntree View, Olievenhoutbosch, N2 Gateway, Zanemvula, 23

Other major developments in progress include Lephalale (LP), Klarinet (MP), Drieziek & surrounds (GP), Lufhereng (GP), Winnie Mandela Park (GP), Orange Farm (GP), Rietvallei Extensions (GP), Cornubia (KZN), Lerato Park (NC), Khutsong (GP) Old townships (Soweto, Palm Ridge, Mamelodi, Soshaguve, Khayalitsha, Umlazi, Lamontville, Motherwell have and are also being extended together with enhanced level of accesss to basic sevices and development of socio economic amenities 24

Townships such as Vosloorus and Soweto in Johannesburg, Mamelodi and Soshanguve in Tshwane have been renewed and settlement areas extended and developed; New settlements and towns have been created in many urban and rural areas of the country. Informal settlements are receiving focused attention, through in-situ upgrading projects providing residents with access to basic services and security of tenure. Households in vulnerable locations are re-located for safety as well to ensure that they can benefit from services. 25

Rural Housing Development In addition to the Vulindlela Housing project in Msundusi (KZN), other rural communities were assisted, some of the large rural projects are: Oukasie (Madibeng, NW) Ekushumayeleni rural, Zululand (KZN) Kwanyawo Rural, (KZN) Mabaso Rural (Pomeroy) Tarkastad (EC) Greater Taung Villages (NW) Mogalakwena (LP) Bushbuckridge (MP) 26

Expanded Mandate With the change from “housing” to “human settlements”, funds are also invested in developing socio economic amenities for communities (eg. Community halls & Creches); The department now oversees two additional grants: The Rural Housing Infrastructure Programme (RHIP) grant to deliver sanitation, as well as the newly created Urban Settlements Development Grant (USDG) that is allocated to the 8 metropolitan municipalities, focusing on the built environment and supporting human settlement programmes in cities. 27

Conclusion A significant portion of the formal housing in South Africa has been created by the government housing programmes; One of the greatest challenges is increased urbanisation and new household formation; The backlog (Housing need) is a moving target, and the rental housing option in areas of high need is being fast- tracked; The provision of site and services is the preferred intervention, especially in informal settlements. 28