Monday January 28, 2013 (Igneous Rocks)

The Launch Pad Monday, 1/28/13 Draw a diagram of the rock cycle. Label all rock types, intermediate states, and factors that cause changes.

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Igneous Rocks

Igneous rocks form as magma cools and crystallizes. Rocks formed on the surface are formed from lava (a material similar to magma, but without gas) are called volcanic or extrusive rocks. Igneous rocks that are formed inside the Earth are called plutonic or intrusive rocks.

When magma cools, its ions crystallize into orderly patterns. The size of the crystal is determined by the rate of cooling. Slow cooling rates form large crystals. Fast cooling rates form microscopic crystals. Very fast cooling rates form glass.

Classification of igneous rocks is based on the rock’s texture and mineral constituents. Texture refers to the size and arrangement of the crystals in the rock. Types of igneous rock textures: Coarse-grained – slow rate of cooling Fine-grained – fast rate of cooling graniteandesite

Classification of igneous rocks is based on the rock’s texture and mineral constituents. Texture refers to the size and arrangement of the crystals in the rock. Types of igneous rock textures: Glassy – very fast rate of cooling Porphyritic (two crystal sizes) – two rates of cooling obsidianpumice porphyritic granite

Figure 3.5

Figure 3.5 B

Figure 3.5 A

Glassy (obsidian) Figure 3.7

Figure 3.8 pumice

Figure 3.5 D

Worksheet Igneous Rocks