VSEPR: Electrons around an atom repel each other, and will move apart as far as possible to have space. The furthest away electrons can get in Carbon’s.

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Presentation transcript:

VSEPR: Electrons around an atom repel each other, and will move apart as far as possible to have space. The furthest away electrons can get in Carbon’s 4 bonds is o apart ° The bond angles of carbon are 109.5°.

Carbon atoms in alkanes can rotate (twist) freely around each other. Multiple bonds restrict twisting or rotating.

Cis/Trans isomers Same formula - different arrangement of branches around the double bond. “cis” or “trans” shows different arrangement. Sometimes called - Geometric isomers 2-butene

Cis/Trans is possible only when each carbon in the double bond has a ‘bigger’ end between its other bonds. NOT every alkene has a cis or trans configuration. 2-butene

cis - largest alkyl groups on the same side of the double bond. cis-2-butene

trans - largest alkyl groups on opposite sides. trans-2-butene

2-methyl-1-butene DOESN’T have a bigger end on each carbon on the double bond – NO cis/trans

3-methyl-2-pentene cis-

Draw trans-4-octene: C - C - C C = C C - C - C H H

Draw -4-ethyl-3-methyl-3-heptene: C - C - C C = C C C - C CC - 3 cis