Try this: - Get colored pencils: - Red, Orange,Yellow,Green,Blue,Violet – Use the spectroscope to look at the lights in the room and then out the window. – Draw what you see: Room’s lightSun’s light

FACT: 98% of all of the energy found on earth originates from the Sun. Where is the other 2%?

Energy in the Atmosphere Aim: What is electromagnetic energy?

Vocabulary for unit: Electromagnetic energy Electromagnetic spectrum Wavelength Amplitude Frequency Reflected Absorbed Radiation Insolation Visible light Ultraviolet energy Infrared energy Absolute zero Speed of light

1. Visible Light… a. Also called white light, a form of energy given off by tiny particles called photons from the sun. b. Visible light is made up of 7 colors…each color being its own wavelength. c. Allows us to see by reflecting into our eyes to form images. d. It is only 1 form of electromagnetic energy from the sun.

1. Visible Light continued … e. When you see the color white, all of the wavelengths of color are being reflected (bounced back) off the material and into your eyes. f,. When you see black, all of the wavelengths of color are being absorbed (taken into) into the material…nothing is reflected into your eyes.

2. Electromagnetic Energy All energy that travels in transverse waves like the 7 forms of energy from the sun. The energy differs by its wavelength. All of the different wavelengths of energy make up the electromagnetic spectrum. Another word for energy from the sun is radiation.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

3. Matter and EM energy All matter has energy – i.e. motion of molecules. All matter emits energy in the form of electromagnetic waves – i.e. heat. Absolute zero is a theoretical temperature at which all molecular motion (i.e. heat energy) stops.

4. Wave properties: Define the parts of a wave -

4a. Wavelength the distance from one crest to another

4b. Amplitude height of the wave from center to crest

4c. Frequency # of waves per second – determines the energy level of the wave. Lower energy Lower temperature Higher energy Higher temperature

5. Speed of light Regardless of the wavelength, all electromagnetic energy travels at the speed of light =3.0 x 10 8 m/sec. (approximately 186,282 miles per second) Sun’s energy travels 93 million miles to reach earth in 8 seconds.

6. Three types of energy are “important” for the Earth. Visible energy: light Infrared (IR): heat Ultra violet (UV) energy: damaging to skin cells and your DNA, some trapped by ozone layer in stratosphere.

Summary: Use your EM spectrum chart on ESRT pg. 14 to answer the questions on handout.

Video Review Brainpop Waves Brainpop EM spectrum ESRT pg 14 review

Energy in the atmosphere AIM: How does the Earth get heated?

What does this picture tell us?

1. Two paths of energy from the Sun Insolation is Incoming Solar Radiation Radiation is the traveling of energy through empty space or a vacuum…i.e sun to earth. Reflected: energy is bounced back into atmosphere by clouds and surfaces Absorbed: energy is taken in by the surface or molecules of atmosphere

2. Earth’s surfaces absorb and reflect energy differently….unevenly. Clouds and ice reflect a lot of light energy. Sand, soil and water absorb a lot of light energy. Albedo is the ability of an object to reflect light

3. What happens when objects absorb energy? Molecules move faster, spread out, and heat up.

4. Greenhouse Effect Visible light energy is absorbed by the Earth’s surfaces and released as infrared energy… HEAT! Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse gas that traps the heat like a blanket around the Earth.This is called the Greenhouse Effect. Some heat escapes to space. Clouds help hold in heat at night.

Greenhouse Effect Diagram: The incoming light wavelength is released as longer wavelength infrared and can’t escape, heating the greenhouse.

The greenhouse effect

4. It’s a GOOD thing! The Earth’s greenhouse traps just enough heat to keep our planet a good temperature for life. What would the Earth be like without the greenhouse effect?

5. If we’re not careful… It’s a BAD thing! Burning of fossil fuels adds carbon dioxide to the air. The more greenhouse gases in the air, the more heat will be trapped and global warming will occur.

Some energy is reflected or absorbed by the atmosphere. Only about 50% is absorbed by the surfaces of Earth.

6. Brainstorm: What happens when global warming occurs? greenhouseeffect

HW: Why is the sky blue? The scattering of light off the molecules of atmosphere makes the sky look blue. When the sun sets and the light strikes the atmosphere at a different angle, the sky then looks red/orange.