TA 101: Technical Arts II Dr. Prishati Raychowdhury Department of Civil Engineering IIT Kanpur Office: FB 330; Phone:

Perspective Views Lecture 14

Vanishing Point (VP)

Horizon Line (HL) Vanishing Point (VP) SKY GROUND Perspective Views: Basics

VP Horizon Line (HL)

Perspective Views: Basics VP Horizon Line (HL)

HORIZON LINE VP SKY GROUND Perspective Views: Basics

VP1 VP2 HORIZON LINE SKY GROUND Perspective Views: Basics

VP1 VP2 HORIZON LINE SKY GROUND Perspective Views: Basics

Pictorial views: Classification Pictorial Views Projections (All viewing lines are parallel) Perspectives (Viewing lines converge at a point)

Pictorial Projections: Classification Projections Viewing plane NORMAL to viewing/projection lines (Axonometric Projections) Viewing plane INCLINED to viewing/projection lines (Oblique Projections) Trimetric Cavalier Cabinet Isometric Dimetric

Perspective Views: Classification 1 VP 2 VPs 3 VPs Perspectives VP

Perspective Views  In the real world, objects exhibit perspective foreshortening: distant objects appear smaller  The basic situation:

Perspective Views “The most realistic of all pictorial systems and most really represents what we see daily” Features: – Objects become smaller as their distances from the observer increase – Parallel lines no longer remain parallel as they recede into the distance – Horizontal parallel lines converge to a single point on the distant horizon

Horizon line Concept

Picture Plane Horizon Plane Horizon Line Station Point (SP) Ground Line Ground Plane Axis of Vision Perspective Views - Variables Involved

Picture Plane Horizon Plane Horizon Line Station Point (SP) Ground Line Ground Plane Axis of Vision

Perspective Views - Variables Involved Object (OB) Projection Plane (PP) Station Point (SP) Projectors (P) Elevation of the Object (EL) Ground Line (GL) Horizon Line (HL) Vanishing Point (VP) Center of Vision (orthographic projection of the station point on the PP)

Axis of vision (AV) or Perpendicular Axis Picture Plane (PP) (transparent) Horizon Plane (HP) Ground Plane Ground Line (GL) SP(EYE) Horizon line (HL) Objective is to get this picture on PP Perspective Views – Concepts and Definitions

Important to remember that.. Horizontal lines reach the horizon at a vanishing point True elevation is only shown in the Projection Plane (PP) Combining the above facts, we can put any horizontal line into perspective and with it any point on that horizontal line A VP for any horizontal line can be found by drawing a line parallel to the top view of that line from the top view of the station point

SP Front View GL HL VP EL SP 2 To infinity Parallel Top View PP α Perspective Views – Concepts: Line OBJECT Line A Line of sight

GL PP Station Point OBJECT Perspective Views – Concepts: Plane H HL VP

Thank You