Spain 16 th -17 th Century Power, Land, Religious Conformity- Roman Catholicism, Gold, War

Ferdinand and Isabella

Spanish Inquisition Why was it so important? How did it help Spain? How did it hurt Spain?

Charles V Born Spanish Netherlands Father- Habsburg (Philip the Handsome) Mother- Joanna the Mad Inherited enormous Kingdom Elected HRE (generally went to a Habsburg)

Charles V Kingdom by Acquisition

The New World- Conquistadors Mexico, Central America, Mid-America, California Coast, Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Chile, Argentina Cortez, Pizarro, De Soto, De Leon, Cabrilla

Spanish Gold and Silver Pizarro conquers Peru

Philip II Granted the non- Habsburg Empire

Spanish Empire 16 th Century

Escorial- King’s Palace What does the Palace tell you about Philip II?

Escorial Monastery

El Greco What does El Greco mean? Beginning of the style called “Baroque” –More ornate, colorful, lots of gold used.

Who is Don Quixote? Why is his story so appealing?

Spanish Netherlands Isabella and Ferdinand’s daughter married Philip the Handsome->bringing Netherlands with him Spanish Netherlands –Belgium and Netherlands Very wealthy area- textile manufacturing Calvinist ideas ->spreading by late 16 th Century Spain tried to impose strict Catholicism

One-third Netherlands Calvinists- primarily in the North England (Elizabeth) supported Calvinists Prince William of Orange (fought against Spain) Destroyed the dikes which protected Dutch cities so the Spanish could not rule over them In accord with William’s wishes after the fighting was over the Netherlands became a place of toleration Catholic Spain vs. Protestant Netherlands

Philip v. Elizabeth Why the Battle ? English sea dogs Elizabeth aiding the Dutch Calvinists Elizabeth restored Protestantism in England Refused Philip’s overtures for marriage Philip was conspiring w/Elizabeth’s Scottish cousin- Mary (no not Bloody Mary)- This Mary was also Catholic –She was also kicked out of Scotland when Knox and others established Presbyterianism

Spanish Armada 1588 Philip II v. Elizabeth I Spain Loses to England English Pirateers- Francis Drake upset Spanish Philip wanted England to Be Catholic

Dutch Revolt- Netherland Independence

By 1650 in decline What factors led Spain to a Golden Age? What contributed to its decline?