Chapter 14 Section 2: The Early Battles Battle of the Philippines Doolittle Raid Battle of the Coral Sea Battle of Midway Battle of the Atlantic Battle of Stalingrad

Warm Up Discuss Projects!! What was the Double V campaign? How did the military try to reduce racial tensions during the 1940s? The current situation in Russia-Ukraine reminds you of what situation during WWII? Why are other countries around the world getting “nervous” about the Russia-Ukraine situation?

Map of Pacific

14.2- The Fall of the Philippines Why are the Philippines so important? [change]

14.2 Fall of the Philippines The Japanese attack on the Philippines – Nine[9] hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. – American forces in the Philippines were badly outnumbered

The Fall of the Philippines General Douglas MacArthur in the Philippines held out for more than three months “Fight to the end!” Lack of supplies, materials, and disease Surrendered in the Bataan Peninsula

Fall of the Philippines 78,000 prisoners of war (P.O.W.) were forced to march to a Japanese prison camp this was called the Bataan Death March - 65 miles 2:30 Embarrassing Loss for the US  Philippines had fallen to the Japanese Long-Term results: Fight to the death - Holy war  9/11

Warm Up 3 rd Hour 3-13 Who was Douglas MacArthur? – Where did FDR send him while he was stationed in the Philippines? Why? Describe the Bataan Death March. Japan saw their emperor as a what? Map

US Strikes Back! Doolittle Raid on Tokyo – James Doolittle (Lieutenant Colonel) was instructed to bomb Tokyo – Why Tokyo? Needed to land in China American bombs fell on Japan for the first time  Yes James Doolittle NOT Dr. Doolittle 

Warm Up 1 ST Hour Describe the Bataan Death March. Why did the United States lose this battle? What was the Doolittle Raid? Why would Detroit be nervous after the bombing of Tokyo? Map

Japan Changes Strategy Raid on Tokyo was a success! JAPAN FEELS VULNERABLE Japan plans on attacking Midway Island – Goal: was to destroy the US Navy fleet and then take control of the Pacific

Battle of the Coral Sea (1942) First major Naval battle! Winner Takes all Japan believes their operations are secret – However, America had already broke their code Japan attacks New Guinea Yorktown and Lexington ships intercept Japan at Coral Sea – Japans sinks the Yorktown Result: To prevent Japan capturing New Guinea – Success

Japan Changes Strategy US learns of the plan to attack Midway – Code breakers – US plans to ambush and counterattack –

Battle of Midway (June 1942) IF Japan wins they take the Pacific, which leads to Hawaii, and then the West Coast TURNING POINT IN THE PACIFIC! US sank four Japanese carriers and Japan retreats (goes back) US finally wins a battle – Destroys Japanese navy – Japan is now on the defensive

Europe: Allies Stopping the Germans! SWITCH! Europe: Allies Stopping the Germans!

Europe: Allies Stopping the Germans Stalin wanted FDR to open up a second front in Europe – Soviets doing most of the fighting – Can Stalin be trusted? Churchill urges FDR that the US and Britain were NOT ready for a full scale attack – Attack the edges of the German empire “Get our feet wet” – FDR orders the invasion of Morocco and Algeria (under German control)

The Struggle for North Africa Why was North Africa so important? – Suez Canal  Gateway to the Middle East (oil) By 1943 American and British forces pushed Germany out of North Africa – Will successfully set the stage for the invasion of Europe

Battles in Africa Battle of El Alamein (1942) – 12 days – Kept Germany away from the oil resources in the Middle East Battle of Kasserine Pass: (1943) – Under Dwight D. Eisenhower Military buildup of Eisenhower – 7,000 casualties German troops finally surrender in Africa 1943 – Go in through the “Soft under belly”

Battle of the Atlantic Why is the Atlantic Ocean important for the United States? By 1942, German U-boats sank 360 American ships along the East Coast – Oil tankers were sunk – Oil and fuel needed to be rationed Setup convoy system  “buddy system” cargo ships traveled in groups escorted by navy warships

Battle of Stalingrad Germany ready to launch new offensive on Soviets Hitler needed to take out economy – Orders army to capture oil fields, factories, and farmlands – Cut off resources Volga River  key to the attack Stalin orders troops (people) hold the city at ALL COST – NOT allowed to retreat

Battle of Stalingrad Hitler NOT prepared Hitler underestimated the Russian winters Soviet troops surround Stalingrad Germany Surrenders MAJOR TURNING POINT IN THE WAR --- In Europe! Germany and Japan are both now on the defensive watch?v=r5UVfLUSS6A watch?v=r5UVfLUSS6A