Text Summary 6.9: Nazi propaganda

Newspapers Took over newspaper publishers Controls on journalists Press agency to tell papers what news to print Anti-Nazi papers closed Only 1000 papers by 1944 (4700 before Nazis) Newspapers on public display Threats to people who cancelled subscriptions to Nazi papers

Films Encouraged new films – over 1000 during Nazi period Most films were love stories, comedies, adventure films Also political films, e.g. Jud Suss; Ohm Kruger; I Accuse; Eternal Jew Admission only at start – no skipping newsreels Films well made: –e.g. Leni Riefenstahl’s The Triumph of the Will, 1934; Olympiade, 1936 –both regarded as brilliant examples of film-making

Radio Goebbels won control of radio Reich Radio Company controlled all local stations People’s Receivers –millions of cheap radios made –unable to receive foreign broadcasts –70 per cent of German homes had radio by loudspeakers in public places Radio wardens

Festivals and celebrations New list of celebration days, e.g. ‘Day of Seizing of power’ (January); Hitler’s birthday (April) People encouraged to attend parades and hang out flags Nuremberg Rallies

Culture (1) Reich Chamber of Culture: –Musicians, writers and actors had to belong – could not work otherwise –Some left Germany, others produced work acceptable to Nazis Music: –German music, e.g. folk songs, marching songs, Bach –Ban on jazz

Culture (2) Theatre: –focus on German history and political drama –cheap tickets through Cultural Association –controlled by Goebbels Literature: –list of banned books –Burning of Books, 1933 –encouraged books about race, war, Nazism –model Nazi book was Michael (1929)