Bell Work Describe the difference between Translation and Transcription. Write on Tuesdays Bell Work Page

Protein Synthesis Proteins perform most cell functions DNA gives protein the information…. But not directly What is needed? RNA – nucleic acid called Ribonucleic Acid Used for protein synthesis

Gene Expression Gene Expression  Genetic Material -> Specific Traits How? Transcription and Translation Making RNA from DNA (copying) uses RNA info to make protein ( translating one language to another)

RNA versus DNA What are the differences? RNA has: 1. one strand of nucleotides 2. ribose sugar 3. Has Uracil (no thymine) A - U

Types of RNA Messenger (mRNA) – transcribes DNA to RNA mRNA carries instructions for making proteins Transfer (tRNA) – reads the mRNA sequence and translates mRNA into a specific sequence or protein subunits or animo acids Ribosomal – occurs on ribosomes and transports proteins

Transcription: Reading the Gene Step 1: RNA polymerase binds to DNA sequence at promotion or start location Step 2: RNA polymerase unwinds DNA strand Step 3: RNA polymerase addes bases except… no thymine (Uracil) mRNA grows as RNA polymerase moves down DNA RNA polymerase reaches a “Stop” location in DNA Result = single strand of mRNA

Codons Three adjacent nucletide bases ex. GCU -> Alanine 20 amino acids, stop, or start signals System of matching Codons and Amino Acids is called….. Genetic Code

Say it with DNA Activity Read paragraph and decipher code at bottom of page onto todays Bell Work section Next you will create your own secret message…. Also add onto todays bell work section. You will decipher multiple student messages tomorrow for bell work.

Translation: RNA to Proteins