Colonial Historical IDs You will be doing 3 projects. Each involves creating a Historical ID for each colony. Who should include All the KEY PEOPLE in the who section and describe their role in the colony. The When should include when it was founded The How should include how it was formed. e.g. the type of charter or was it a Joint Venture etc. & How were they governed? E.g. by constitution like in CT with the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut or the House of Burgesses in VA The What should include the economic basis – e.g. What did the people do? What was the labor force like? What products or services did they produce? The Where should be shown on the map The Why should include the motivation for founding it Project 1: 4 New England or “Northern” Colonies – MA, NH, RI, CT Project 2: 4 Middle Colonies – NY, DE, NJ, PA Project 3: 5 Southern Colonies – GA, NC, SC, MD, VA

___________________________________________ Who: ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ What: __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ How: ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ When: __________________________________________________ Where: Why historically important? _________________________________ _________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Who: ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ What: __________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ How: ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ When: __________________________________________________ Where: Why historically important? _________________________________ _________________________________________________________

Massachusetts – Northern or New England Colony Who: William Bradford (2 nd Gov.) & John Winthrop – key Pilgrim minister  “City on a Hill” sermon envisioning their American colony as being a model for the world  American Exceptionalism Pilgrims – Christians who wanted a more pure form of Christianity (less Catholic) than the King of England’s Anglican Protestant Church What: Economic basis – subsistence family farms with primarily bartering of surplus staple crops like wheat, corn, rye and barley; some trade and shipping; some artisan work e.g. black or silver-smithing How: Mayflower Compact!! On Mayflower, drew up 1 st self-governing contract to cover early days since they got blown off-course, outside original charter. Later received royal charter. When: 1628 Initial Groups 1630’s The Great Migration w/ 20,000 emigrating Where: Why historically important? Formed for religious freedom And to make money as their 2 nd priority Connecticut – Northern or New England Colony Who: Thomas Hooker – founder and Puritan minister  led 100 followers to leave Mass Bay Colony to found Hartford, CT What: Economic basis – subsistence family farms with primarily bartering of surplus staple crops like wheat, corn, rye and barley How: constitutional monarchy -- 1 st colony-level constitution (self- government) called the Fundamental Orders of CT  some individual rights & men could vote When: 1636 Where: Why historically important? Formed for religious freedom & additional opportunity for participatory government Mass. Use a highlighter so the colony Really POPS out on the map for you CT Use a highlighter so the colony Really POPS out on the map for you

Pennsylvania (PA) – Middle Colony Who: William Penn – founder/ proprietor. Penn was given a proprietary charter in exchange for forgiving debts King Charles II owed to Penn’s father. Quakers  believed in equality for ALL (including women, Native Americans, and enslaved Africans & they were anti-slavery What: Exported staple crops (subsistence, family farms) and natural resources such as lumber and iron ore products How: Proprietary colonies were territories granted by the King to 1 or more proprietors who had full governing rights. A proprietor was given governmental powers over a tract of land. Proprietary Colonies were run under a colonial charter agreement, which was reviewed by the ruling Monarch. When: 1682 Where: Why historically important? Founded for religious freedom 1 st and to make money 2nd New York (Originally called New Netherlands by the Dutch) Middle Colony Who: Dutch colonists 1609 – purchased Manhattan from Native Americans for ~$24. Dutch Gov. Peter Minuits. After the English Civil War, King Charles II sent his younger brother, James The Duke of York, to force the Dutch out and secure the territory for the English. Named after Duke of York. What: Dutch were fur traders English were mainly subsistence farmers of staple crops How: Proprietary colony When: Dutch 1609 Replaced by English in 1664 Where: Why historically important? Founded for glory/ strategic positioning to control North American colonies and continent and money 2nd PA NY Use a highlighter so the colony Really POPS out on the map for you Use a highlighter so the colony Really POPS out on the map for you

Virginia – Southern Colony Who: John Smith – Jamestown Leader who saved initial colony from Complete disaster through trades w/ Algonquins and directed colonist labor John Rolfe – hybridized tobacco to grow in VA (black gold) What: plantation cash crop agriculture (tobacco, rice, indigo) with enslaved Africans as primary labor force How: Virginia Company charter w/ elected General Assembly (VA House of Burgesses) replace with Royal Charter, but colony kept their General Assembly When: 1607 Where: Why historically important? 1 st successful English Colony; Motivation for founding: Gold, glory and then God Georgia – Southern Colony Who: James Oglethorpe founder Brought debtors from English debtors prisons to give them a 2 nd chance and “people” the colony What: Concentrated on agriculture and developed the plantations exporting tobacco, cotton, corn, vegetables, grain, fruit and livestock with labor force primarily made up of enslaved Africans How: Royal Colony When: 1732 Where: Why historically important? Founded for “glory” / to provide a buffer zone between the English colonies and the Spanish in Florida and then for gold VA Use a highlighter so the colony Really POPS out on the map for you Use a highlighter so the colony Really POPS out on the map for you GA