Colonization of North America Mr. Lucas US History

English Colonization  Early explorers- John Cabot, Henry Hudson, Sir Francis Drake  The Roanoke Disaster 1. The English sought colonies in North America Sir Walter Raleigh attempted to settle Roanoke Island off the coast of North Carolina, attempt failed as colonizers fled 3. Return expedition in 1590 found nothing but abandoned settlements

Jamestown  Plan to establish another colony in North America  1607 The Virginia Company sent about 100 settlers to establish the new colony  Jamestown nearly failed 1. Poor leadership 2. Swampy, diseased marsh 3. Poor work ethic Starvation, sickness for the 1 st 10 years Legislature in 1619, Royal colony in 1624

What saved Jamestown??  John Smith  Tobacco  Indentured servants were used to work the newly formed tobacco plantations

The Frenchies  The French also colonized North America, in present day Canada  1608 Samuel de Champlain founded the colony at Quebec  The Fur Trade- between French settlers and Native-Americans  Fur was highly valuable back in Europe and was the economic basis for the French colonies in Canada

The New England Colonies  Plymouth Colony- Puritans who left England for religious freedom  Mayflower Compact- Pilgrims agreed to follow all of their government’s laws  Massachusetts Bay Colony- 1630, 1000 English settlers founded the colony a few miles north of Plymouth  Must attend Puritan church and pay taxes  The 2 colonies were joined together in 1691

Middle Colonies  New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware  England took control of New York in 1664  New Jersey was originally part of NY, given to 2 English nobleman  Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn who also allowed Delaware to become a separate colony in 1704

Southern Colonies  Maryland, The Carolinas, Georgia  Maryland- 1634, established for persecuted Catholics  Carolinas were given to English noblemen by King Charles in 1663, divided in 1712, 1719 S. Carolina became a royal colony and 1729 N. Carolina followed  Georgia- proprietary colony established for debtors in England in 1732

Early Problems in the Colonies  Navigation Acts- passed in 1651 in an attempt to control colonial trade 1. No country could trade w/ the colonies unless the goods were shipped in colonial or English ships 2. All ships had to have ¾ English crews 3. Certain products like tobacco, sugar, rice, molasses, and fur could only be shipped to England 4. Almost all goods traded had to pass through English ports