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have no definite shape and no definite volume. Particles flow easily; they spread far apart and fill up the space of a container

Gases have no definite shape and no definite volume. Particles flow easily; they spread far apart and fill up the space of a container

is a high-temperature, high-energy, neutral gas consisting of positively and negatively charged particles

Plasma is a high-temperature, high-energy, neutral gas consisting of positively and negatively charged particles

have a definite volume but do not have a definite shape

Liquids have a definite volume but do not have a definite shape

is an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.

Thermal expansion is an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.

the total energy of a material’s particles, including kinetic and potential energy

Thermal Energy: the total energy of a material’s particles, including kinetic and potential energy

( °C or zero Kelvin): particle motion is so slow that thermal energy is equal to zero.

Absolute zero ( °C or zero Kelvin): particle motion is so slow that thermal energy is equal to zero.

temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

Melting point: temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid

energy lost during freezing or the energy required for melting

Heat of fusion energy lost during freezing or the energy required for melting

the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas; particles in a liquid absorb heat energy

vaporization the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas; particles in a liquid absorb heat energy

vaporization that occurs a the surface

Evaporation vaporization that occurs a the surface

the amount of energy lost when gas condenses into a liquid or the amount of energy required for the liquid at its boiling point to become a gas.

Heat of Vaporization: the amount of energy lost when gas condenses into a liquid or the amount of energy required for the liquid at its boiling point to become a gas.

a change of a gas to a liquid; gas loses heat energy.

Condensation a change of a gas to a liquid; gas loses heat energy.

the change of a solid directly to a gas without going through the liquid phase; solid absorbs heat.

Sublimation the change of a solid directly to a gas without going through the liquid phase; solid absorbs heat.

Two or more types of atoms, physically combined in no definite ratio.

Heterogeneous Mixture Two or more types of atoms, physically combined in no definite ratio.

heterogeneous mixture; large particles. Ex. Snow globes, muddy water

Suspension heterogeneous mixture; large particles. Ex. Snow globes, muddy water

heterogeneous mixture; small particles. Ex. Milk, butter, salad dressing

Colloid heterogeneous mixture; small particles. Ex. Milk, butter, salad dressing

homogeneous mixture; particles have dissolved. Ex. Saline, Kool Aid, Sweet tea

Solution homogeneous mixture; particles have dissolved. Ex. Saline, Kool Aid, Sweet tea

Describe the physical attributes of matter. Examples: color, shape, size, texture, density, temperature, state or phase, smell, taste, boiling/melting/freezing points, magnetic attraction, solubility

Physical Properties Describe the physical attributes of matter. Examples: color, shape, size, texture, density, temperature, state or phase, smell, taste, boiling/melting/freezing points, magnetic attraction, solubility

Describes the way a sample of matter reacts in the presence of other matter. Examples: Oxidation, Corrosion, Hydrolysis, Combustion, Flammability, Reaction to Acid or Base

Chemical Properties Describes the way a sample of matter reacts in the presence of other matter. Examples: Oxidation, Corrosion, Hydrolysis, Combustion, Flammability, Reaction to Acid or Base

A change in the chemical composition of a sample of matter. Always produces a new substance with new properties.

Chemical Change A change in the chemical composition of a sample of matter. Always produces a new substance with new properties.

is a measure of how tightly packed the atoms of a substance are.

Density is a measure of how tightly packed the atoms of a substance are.

is the force of a liquid or gas pushing up on an object that is immersed in it (put into it).

Buoyancy is the force of a liquid or gas pushing up on an object that is immersed in it (put into it).

A measure of how easily a solid will shatter.

Brittleness A measure of how easily a solid will shatter.

Malleability measures a solid’s ability to be pounded into thin sheets

◦It states that "any body partially or completely submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body."

Archimede‘s principle ◦It states that "any body partially or completely submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body."

states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature.

Boyle’s Law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature.

When the temperature increases, the volume of a fixed number of gas molecules must increase if the pressure is to stay constant.

Charles's Law When the temperature increases, the volume of a fixed number of gas molecules must increase if the pressure is to stay constant.

a type of mixture that never settles; its particles are usually large but will NOT settle when allowed to stand

Colloid a type of mixture that never settles; its particles are usually large but will NOT settle when allowed to stand

the scattering of light by colloid particles

Tyndall Effect the scattering of light by colloid particles

a mixture that appears to be the same throughout; particles that make-up the mixture are very small and not visible; particles do not settle when mixture is allowed to stand.

Homogeneous mixture a mixture that appears to be the same throughout; particles that make-up the mixture are very small and not visible; particles do not settle when mixture is allowed to stand.

solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature

Saturated Solution: solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature

a measure of how much of a solute can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature

Solubility a measure of how much of a solute can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature