Unit 1: Diversity of Living Things. Specific Expectations Analyze the effects of various human activities on the diversity of life Investigate the principles.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1: Diversity of Living Things

Specific Expectations Analyze the effects of various human activities on the diversity of life Investigate the principles of scientific classification using appropriate sampling and classification techniques Demonstrate an understanding of the diversity of living things, in terms of both the principles of taxonomy and phylogeny

Life on Planet Earth Approximately how many living organisms are there on earth? About 1.75 million species have been described so far There are thought to be anywhere from 15 to 100 million different types

Taxonomy The science of naming all organisms and assigning them into groups Taxa: Singular: Taxon

Carolus von Linnaeus ( ) Swedish scientist who laid the foundation for modern taxonomy Carolus von Linnaeus Developed the current naming system used in taxonomy today Placed organisms into 7 distinct taxa based on similar characteristics

Current classification system Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Kings Play Chess On Fine Glass Stools King Phillip Called Out For Green Soup

Kingdom grouped based on general similarities (ie. Animalia) kids Phylum generally grouped on body plan (ie. Chordata) playing Class generally on a characteristic (ie. Mammalia) chicken Order another group based on characteristics (ie. Carnivora) on Family generally a major group of similar organism (ie. Canidae) freeway Genus generic name of an organism (ie. Mus) get Species specific name of a specific species (ie. musculus) smashed

Carolus von Linnaeus ( ) Swedish scientist who laid the foundation for modern taxonomy Carolus von Linnaeus Developed the current naming system used in taxonomy today Each organism is also given a unique, two term name Binomial nomenclature

Carolus von Linnaeus ( ) Swedish scientist who laid the foundation for modern taxonomy Carolus von Linnaeus Two-word naming system Genus Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized Not unique Species Descriptive, Lower Case, Underlined or Italicized Unique

Carolus von Linnaeus ( ) Swedish scientist who laid the foundation for modern taxonomy Carolus von Linnaeus Two-word naming system Canis familiaris Canis lupus Canis latrans

Advantages of using the binomial nomenclature system 1. Universal scientific communication 2. Unique for every living thing 3. Show relationship between closely related organisms