The Cell Cycle

THE CELL CYCLE

The Cell Cycle Cell Reproduction –One cell (parent cell) reproduces to make 2 identical cells (daughter cells)

There are three main divisions of the cell cycle INTERPHASE –G1, S, G2 MITOSIS –PMAT Cytokinesis

INTERPHASE Cells spend most of their time in this phase

Do Drawings now

Interphase Overall Cell grows in size and metabolizes Chromosomes duplicated

Interphase has three divisions 1 st phase= G 1 Cell grows in size and lives its life

“S” of Interphase (synthesis phase) DNA duplicates itself (DNA Replication)Chromatin duplicates – long coily strands of DNA that become wrapped up

G 2 = Rapid Growth before dividing Organelles are doubled to have enough for two cells

Interphase

MITOSIS - Nuclear division (how we make 2 nuclei from 1)

Mitosis Prophase –A.) Chromatin organizes itself into condensed chromosomes made up of 2 sister chromatids attached by a centromere Sister Chromatids – A chromosome and its duplicated twin Centromere – rubber band structure that joins the 2 sister chromatids together

Prophase –B.) Nuclear membrane breaks down –Nucleus dissolves –C.) Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell (poles) –Centrioles – cylinder structures that will reel in the chromatids –D.) Spindle fibers form –Spindle fibers – football shaped set of ropes that will attach to the centrioles and the chromatids –Made of microtubules

Prophase

Mitosis Metaphase –Spindle fibers attach to centrioles and sister chromatids at their centromeres. –Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell Line up on the metaphase plate/equator.

Metaphase

Mitosis Anaphase –The centromeres split apart and the sister chromatids separate from each other –The spindle fibers pull the chromatids toward the poles

Anaphase

Mitosis Telophase –Chromatids reach the poles –Chromosomes unwind –Spindle fibers break down –Nucleus reforms –Cell begins to split Cleavage furrow

Telophase

After Mitosis… Cytokinesis –Cells Separate

Onion Cell Root Tip Lab

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase and Cytokinesis

The Cell Cycle

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

Which phase does a cell spend most of its time in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telosphase 6.Cytokinesis

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

What phase is this cell in? 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase

When do 2 daughter cells split 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase 6.Cytokinesis

Which of the following illustrations depicts a cell in anaphase?

Which of the following illustrations depicts a cell in metaphase?

Put the following phases of mitosis in the correct order: A B C D