Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) By: Maggie Wilson

Diagnosis DSM-V Neurodevelopmental Disorder (primarily epigenetic) Persistent Pattern of Inattention and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Interferes with Functioning or Inconsistent with Developmental Level Present Prior to Age 12 & Present in Two or More Settings Six (or More) Symptoms for at Least Six Months

Signs & Symptoms Inattention Hyperactivity Impulsivity

Inattention Easily Distracted/Bored unless Doing Something Enjoyable Difficulty Focusing and Processing Information Forgets/Losses Things Misses Details and Makes Careless Mistakes Difficulty Organizing Tasks and Activities Completing and Turning in Assignments

Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Fidgeting or Squirming and has Trouble Sitting Still Talk Nonstop and Blurts out Inappropriate Comments Show Emotions without Restraint/Regard for Consequences Constantly in Motion Impatient and has Difficulty Waiting for Things/Turns Interrupts/Intrudes on Others

Three Types Combined Presentation: ( < six months) Inattention & Hyperactivity/Impulsivity are meet Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: ( < six months) Inattention is Met, but Hyperactivity/Impulsivity is not met Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive Presentation: ( < six months) Hyperactivity/Impulsivity is met, but not Inattention

Medical Model vs. Human Model Medical Model -Disease/Deficit Model-External Signs, Symptoms, Categories Human Model -Holistic Approach-Internal Emotional Meanings in our Lives

Prevalence 5% in Children 2.5% in Adults 2:1 Males to Females White Populations Lower SES Higher in Single-Parent Households

Comorbidity Learning Disability Speech Impairment Intellectual Disability Depression Anxiety Mood Disorder Emotional Disturbance Conduct Disorder Oppositional Defiance Disorder

Outcomes Poor Social Skills Poor Academic Achievement Poor Vocational Achievement Increased School Disciplinary Actions Increased Risky Anti-social Behaviors More Susceptible to Co-occurring Mental Health Disorders

Treatment & Intervention Multidisciplinary and Multi-treatment Approach Brief Solution-Focused, Cognitive-Behavioral, Family Systems Techniques Individual Counseling Group Counseling Guidance Counseling Family and Staff Training/Education

Treatment & Interventions Medication Management Long-term Child/Family Therapy RTI and SWPBIS SWPBIS Check-in/Check-out Tier II intervention Collaborative Problem Solving-Assessment of Lagging Skills and Unsolved Problems Child-Centered Play Therapy (Primary) CIRS Challenging Horizons Program (Secondary) Personal, Social, Academic, and Career Skill Building

Advocacy in Action Ensure Cultural Sensitivity Take a “Restorative Justice” Approach Provide Ongoing Information Empathize, Collaborate, Support, and Advocate Researched-Based Treatment/Interventions “Courageous Conversations about Race” Ongoing Team Building

Network of Support Student/Family: -Experts on the Condition -What Works/Doesn’t Work -Strengths & Goals Teachers: -Experts in the Art of Teaching -Differential Instruction -Spoken with the Family -First Responders Other Staff Members: -Experts in the Field (Multidisciplinary, Multi-Treatment/Method) -Education & Training Opportunities -504 Plan or IEP

Teacher Tips Personal Social Academic Career

Teacher Tips (Personal) Relaxation/Calming Strategies CBT-Self-Talk & Stop-Think Bolster Self-Esteem Secret Sign=Respect/Dignity w/Least Intrusive Intervention Immediate Reinforcement

Teacher Tips (Social) Bolster Social Confidence, Skills, Status Role-Play Social/Friendship Skills Group Participation Peer Modeling, Mentoring, Tutoring

Teacher Tips (Academic) Preferred Leaning Style Restructure Classroom Predictive Schedules Organization Handouts, Notes, Assignments Limit/Adjust Assignments, Tests, Activities Access to Computer, Audio Lessons, Headphones, Bouncy Ball

Teacher Tips (Career) Explore the World of Work Career Environments & Tasks Interests Strengths Skills

Questions & Answers