Matter – Properties Chapter 3

Matter mass space –Anything that has mass and occupies space. –Massgrams kilograms –Mass is measured in grams or kilograms. volume literscm 3 –Space or capacity or volume is measured in liters or cm 3.

Substances Matter that has the same composition all the way through. Pure Elements or Compounds H 2 O, NaCl, O 2, He

Formulas = Identity Element = 1 upper case letter Compound = 2 or more upper case letters

Properties of Matter Section 3.1

Physical Properties Describe the appearance and behavior of matter - Words: - Words: color, texture, luster, odor, solid, liquid, gas. -Measurements: -Measurements: a number and a unit. Qualitative Quantitative

Physical Properties Use them to identify matter!

Intensive properties – are independent – are independent of the sample size. –Physical Constants –Physical Constants are quantitative intensive properties. They have a number and a unit. Density, freezing point, and melting point Solubility in water (g/ml) Heat of fusion, Heat of vaporization, Specific heat capacity

Extensive Properties Extensive propertiesExtensive properties depend on the amount of matter in the sample. Mass & Volume

Chemical Properties Describe how matter behaves (changes) in the presence of other matter. –Flammability –Resistance to corrosion –Ability to neutralize acids or bases

Properties of Copper Physical Prop. Reddish brown Shiny Malleable Ductile Good Conductor Density = 8.92 g/cm 3 MP = 1085  C BP = 2570  C Chemical Prop. Reacts to form green copper carbonate Forms a deep blue solution when in contact with NH 3 Forms new substances with HNO 3.

Phases SolidSolid – Definite volume and definite shape. LiquidLiquid – Definite volume and indefinite shape. (Takes the shape of its container.) GasGas – Indefinite volume and indefinite shape. (Takes the shape and volume of its container.)

States of Matter source 1.How are the particles packed in each phase? 2.How do the particles move in each phase? 3.Why do liquids and gases flow? 4.Why are gases so easy to compress?

4 th Phase of matter PlasmaPlasma – exists in stars, lightning Electrons are stripped from atoms.

Phases of Matter Solid Liquid Gas TIGER

Notation of Phase After the formula, use the letters: –s for solid –g for gas –l for liquid –aq means dissolved in water Al(s) H 2 O(g) CH 3 OH(l) NaCl(aq) The state or phase of matter is a physical property!