Institutionalization “What We Know” CRE institutionalization is more likely when there are adequate resources (e.g., there is a specific person to oversee the effort and adequate teacher training) Support from top levels of administration is key to institutionalization Publicity about CRE enhances institutionalization

Institutionalization “What We Know” cont’d Infusion of CRE into on-going curricula increases chances of institutionalization Clarification of CRE and CRE standards enhances institutionalization Support from professional associations (e.g., the Bar Association) enhances institutionalization

Institutionalization “What We Know” cont’d Institutionalization is facilitated in states where CRE can be linked to general standards or principles of education There is some evidence that higher education involvement in CRE pre-service and continuing education increases institutionalization

Implications for Practice Practitioners should understand the importance of CRE institutionalization: –sustainability of programs –maturity and depth of initiatives –integration into entire educational process –provides integration and cohesion for educators The connection between teacher training and teacher competence is critical

Implications for Practice cont’d Learning to link CRE with academic goals is key We must have clear standards for quality CRE programs before institutionalization will happen