Initiating Rotation while Airborne 1. R R 2. C R 3. T F S
Reaction Rotation to Initiate Twist Rotation while airborne L is constant and ΣT = 0 rotation action in one direction causes a rotation reaction in the opposite direction 360° full turn/twist requires 8 series of steps alternating I during arm swing/recovery HJ clearing trailing body parts [straddle, flop]
Cat Rotation to Initiate Twist Rotation Page 505 FIG 15.8 Page 503 FIG 15.6
Cat Rotation to Initiate Twist Rotation 1. A. place lower & upper axes at an 2. B. twist upper body, lower body has small reaction 3. C. twist lower body, upper body has small reaction page 505 FIG ° half turn/twist requires 3 steps as follows:
Somersault to Initiate a Twist 1.from symmetrical position, initiate layout back sommie (establish L about ML axis) 2.move to asymmetrical position [drop rt. arm] page 506 FIG this reduces I on rt. side of body about ML axis on that side - nutation (tilt of body) results and a twist begins
Somersault to Initiate Twist Rotation most effective of the 3 methods of initiating a full twist (360°) multiple twists (720° rotation or more), performer usually initiates some of the twist from the ground (F reaction ) in addition to the airborne maneuvers (symmetrical to asymmetrical during the somersault action)
“Kicker” ramp places body in position for g to apply a T to initiate a back sommie
Altering k : radius of gyration page 511 FIG a tight tuck e layout
Altering k - radius of gyration TABLE 15.1 on page read across from left to right Example from Table 15.1: moving from position a to position e diminishes by almost 75 [from 1.00 to 0.28]
Manipulating Rotations in Sport FIG 15.14
Manipulating Rotations in Sport FIG 15.16
Manipulating Rotations in Sport page 515 FIG 15.17
Gymnastics Tumbling Skills Less Skilled Highly Skilled low v vert due to: power + takeoff less air time low due to: power + takeoff larger k in flight high v vert due to: power + takeoff more air time high due to: power + takeoff smaller k in flight