1 JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY (1800 – 1828). 2 ELECTION OF 1800 “Revolution of 1800” Adams v. Jefferson (again) Major Issues: - Expansion of Military - Foreign.

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Presentation transcript:

1 JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY (1800 – 1828)

2 ELECTION OF 1800 “Revolution of 1800” Adams v. Jefferson (again) Major Issues: - Expansion of Military - Foreign Affairs - Alien & Sedition Acts

3 ELECTION OF 1800 DR President DR Congress Federalist Supreme Court

4 JEFFERSON’S PHILOSOPHY Small govt. Majority rule Strict Conststructionism Agrarian Democracy

5 A “NATION OF FARMERS” Govt. support farming Cities; factories corrupt people End land speculation Limit power of upper class

6 EXAMPLE POLICIES Westward expansion Free/cheap farm land Small Army/Navy Cut taxes and govt. spending

7 LOUISIANA PURCHASE (1803) French Revolution ends Napoleon becomes Emperor Spain cedes Louisiana to France

8 FRENCH EMPIRE

9

10 LOUISIANA PURCHASE (1803) Napoleonic Wars ($$) Loses Haiti (last colony) Sells Louisiana to US US doubles in size Americans begin to push west

11

12 LEWIS & CLARK ( ) - Created land route to Pacific Ocean - “Discovered” 300 new species - Richness of West documented; fuels expansion

13 QUICK WRITE - JEFFERSONIAN?? Jefferson, and the Republicans, believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution More importantly, they believed in using only the enumerated powers of govt. (i.e. no use of the “Elastic” Clause). In your opinion, was the Louisiana Purchase an example of his Republican beliefs? Or did Jefferson act more like a Federalist, using a loose interpretation in this acquisition? Please explain your answer.

14 MORE PROBLEMS W/ BRITAIN & FRANCE Napoleonic Wars ( ) Problems w/ neutrality Hurts US trade Blockades Impressment

15 BLOCKADE

16 EMBARGO ACT (1807) Jefferson wants neutrality Stop abuses by Britain & France Embargo Act : Goal: Respect US neutrality Underestimates France & Britain

17 US REACTIONS TO EMBARGO ACT Hurts US more than Europe Public Outrage! US Exports in 1806: $108 Million US Exports in 1808: $22 Million Recession

18 POLITICAL CARTOON c. 1808

19 BARBARY PIRATES, ARRR! - Mediterranean Sea -Capture ships; ransom -Demand “tribute” - No Navy; need warships? - Barbary Wars (1802) - “to the shores of Tripoli” 19

20 WAR OF 1812 War w/ Britain 3 years “Mr. Madison’s War” MA refuses to fight “Star Spangled Banner” Unexpected Result: Increases Local Manufacturing

21 MAJOR BATTLES Invasion of Canada Battle of Washington, DC Battle of Baltimore Battle of New Orleans

22 USS CONSTITUTION ( c. 1812) “Old Ironsides” Still in Boston Harbor today!!

23 IMPACTS OF WAR Increase in factories (N.) US borders remain same Increased sectionalism (N. v. S.) Andrew Jackson --> military hero

24 HENRY CLAY'S AMERICAN SYSTEM Boost economy; industrial growth 1.) Protective Tarriffs 2.) Internal Improvements 3.) Creation of 2 nd US Bank

25 EFFECTS OF AMERICAN SYSTEM Road/Bridge construction Transportation networks for interstate trade Expand Army/Navy Increases in interstate trade US Bank stabilizes currency; dollar becomes more valuable Promote nationalism

26 ERIE CANAL (1817)

27 CANALS c. 1850

28 CUMBERLAND ROAD (1811)

29 TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS c. 1840

30 “ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS” Easy passage of DR laws Govt. gets along “Virginia Dynasty” Jefferson Madison Monroe

31 JACKSON TAKES FLORIDA (1819) -Spain controls FL -Border problems (Indian attacks) -Monroe to Jackson: Stop border raids -Jackson invades FL; Spain surrenders -Annexes FL

32 BORDER NEGOTIATIONS (1818 – 1820) -Rush-Bagot Treaty (1818) -Convention of 1818 (duh!) -Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) -Annexation of Florida (1819)

33 US BOUNDARIES c. 1820

34 MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820) MO: Slave or Free? Applies as slave-state Blocked by North

35 MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820) LET'S MAKE A DEAL!!!!! Clay to make compromise Terms: 1.) MO is slave state 2.) ME is free state 3.) Slavery illegal NORTH of MO

36

37 MONROE DOCTRINE (1820) Monroe post-war President ( ) No major accomplishments Goal: end European colonization in Americas Create national identity

38 SECTIONALISM INCREASES.... Missouri Compromise brings the issue of slavery to the front burner in US politics Country begins to divide: North & South; Free & Slave Meanwhile, Americans continue to push west What to do about.... Oklahoma? Arkansas? Oregon? Kansas? Nebraska?